Articles | Volume 16, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8899-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-8899-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Jul 2016
Research article |
| 19 Jul 2016
Comparing contact and immersion freezing from continuous flow diffusion chambers
Baban Nagare
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
Claudia Marcolli
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
Marcolli Chemistry and Physics Consulting GmbH, Zurich, Switzerland
André Welti
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research, Leipzig, Germany
Olaf Stetzer
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
Ulrike Lohmann
Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH, Zurich, Switzerland
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Cited
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
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- Pre-activation of aerosol particles by ice preserved in pores C. Marcolli 10.5194/acp-17-1595-2017
- Overview of Ice Nucleating Particles Z. Kanji et al. 10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-16-0006.1
- Ice nucleation efficiency of natural dust samples in the immersion mode L. Kaufmann et al. 10.5194/acp-16-11177-2016
- Long-term deep-supercooling of large-volume water and red cell suspensions via surface sealing with immiscible liquids H. Huang et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05636-0
- The impact of (bio-)organic substances on the ice nucleation activity of the K-feldspar microcline in aqueous solutions K. Klumpp et al. 10.5194/acp-22-3655-2022
- Background Free‐Tropospheric Ice Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Mixed‐Phase Cloud Conditions L. Lacher et al. 10.1029/2018JD028338
- Mixed-phase orographic cloud microphysics during StormVEx and IFRACS D. Lowenthal et al. 10.5194/acp-19-5387-2019
- The WeIzmann Supercooled Droplets Observation on a Microarray (WISDOM) and application for ambient dust N. Reicher et al. 10.5194/amt-11-233-2018
- Ice‐Nucleating Particles That Impact Clouds and Climate: Observational and Modeling Research Needs S. Burrows et al. 10.1029/2021RG000745
- Comparing the ice nucleation properties of the kaolin minerals kaolinite and halloysite K. Klumpp et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1579-2023
- Measuring the Surface Tension of Atmospheric Particles and Relevant Mixtures to Better Understand Key Atmospheric Processes M. El Haber et al. 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00173
- Partitioning the primary ice formation modes in large eddy simulations of mixed-phase clouds L. Hande & C. Hoose 10.5194/acp-17-14105-2017
- The role of natural mineral particles collected at one site in Patagonia as immersion freezing ice nuclei M. López et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.01.013
- Ice nucleation by smectites: the role of the edges A. Kumar et al. 10.5194/acp-23-4881-2023
- The Role of Secondary Ice Processes in Midlatitude Continental Clouds A. Zipori et al. 10.1029/2018JD029146
- Ice nucleation efficiency of AgI: review and new insights C. Marcolli et al. 10.5194/acp-16-8915-2016
- Quantified ice-nucleating ability of AgI-containing seeding particles in natural clouds A. Miller et al. 10.5194/acp-25-5387-2025
- Comparison of measured and calculated collision efficiencies at low temperatures B. Nagare et al. 10.5194/acp-15-13759-2015
22 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Faster Nucleation of Ice at the Three-Phase Contact Line: Influence of Interfacial Chemistry A. Kar et al. 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02044
- Simulations of primary and secondary ice production during an Arctic mixed-phase cloud case from the Ny-Ålesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment (NASCENT) campaign B. Schäfer et al. 10.5194/acp-24-7179-2024
- Ice nucleation activity of silicates and aluminosilicates in pure water and aqueous solutions – Part 1: The K-feldspar microcline A. Kumar et al. 10.5194/acp-18-7057-2018
- Development and industrial application of wet phase transition agglomerator for water recovery and synergistic removal of multiple pollutants from flue gas F. Yang et al. 10.1016/j.cej.2024.158200
- Measurement report: Ice nucleating abilities of biomass burning, African dust, and sea spray aerosol particles over the Yucatán Peninsula F. Córdoba et al. 10.5194/acp-21-4453-2021
- Pre-activation of aerosol particles by ice preserved in pores C. Marcolli 10.5194/acp-17-1595-2017
- Overview of Ice Nucleating Particles Z. Kanji et al. 10.1175/AMSMONOGRAPHS-D-16-0006.1
- Ice nucleation efficiency of natural dust samples in the immersion mode L. Kaufmann et al. 10.5194/acp-16-11177-2016
- Long-term deep-supercooling of large-volume water and red cell suspensions via surface sealing with immiscible liquids H. Huang et al. 10.1038/s41467-018-05636-0
- The impact of (bio-)organic substances on the ice nucleation activity of the K-feldspar microcline in aqueous solutions K. Klumpp et al. 10.5194/acp-22-3655-2022
- Background Free‐Tropospheric Ice Nucleating Particle Concentrations at Mixed‐Phase Cloud Conditions L. Lacher et al. 10.1029/2018JD028338
- Mixed-phase orographic cloud microphysics during StormVEx and IFRACS D. Lowenthal et al. 10.5194/acp-19-5387-2019
- The WeIzmann Supercooled Droplets Observation on a Microarray (WISDOM) and application for ambient dust N. Reicher et al. 10.5194/amt-11-233-2018
- Ice‐Nucleating Particles That Impact Clouds and Climate: Observational and Modeling Research Needs S. Burrows et al. 10.1029/2021RG000745
- Comparing the ice nucleation properties of the kaolin minerals kaolinite and halloysite K. Klumpp et al. 10.5194/acp-23-1579-2023
- Measuring the Surface Tension of Atmospheric Particles and Relevant Mixtures to Better Understand Key Atmospheric Processes M. El Haber et al. 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00173
- Partitioning the primary ice formation modes in large eddy simulations of mixed-phase clouds L. Hande & C. Hoose 10.5194/acp-17-14105-2017
- The role of natural mineral particles collected at one site in Patagonia as immersion freezing ice nuclei M. López et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.01.013
- Ice nucleation by smectites: the role of the edges A. Kumar et al. 10.5194/acp-23-4881-2023
- The Role of Secondary Ice Processes in Midlatitude Continental Clouds A. Zipori et al. 10.1029/2018JD029146
- Ice nucleation efficiency of AgI: review and new insights C. Marcolli et al. 10.5194/acp-16-8915-2016
- Quantified ice-nucleating ability of AgI-containing seeding particles in natural clouds A. Miller et al. 10.5194/acp-25-5387-2025
1 citations as recorded by crossref.
Saved (preprint)
Latest update: 14 Jul 2025
Short summary
The relative importance of contact freezing and immersion freezing at mixed-phase cloud temperatures is the subject of debate. We performed experiments using continuous-flow diffusion chambers to compare the freezing efficiency of ice-nucleating particles for both these nucleation modes. Silver iodide, kaolinite and Arizona Test Dust were used as ice-nucleating particles. We could not confirm the dominance of contact freezing over immersion freezing for our experimental conditions.
The relative importance of contact freezing and immersion freezing at mixed-phase cloud...
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