Ozone distributions over southern Lake Michigan: comparisons between ferry-based observations, shoreline-based DOAS observations and model forecasts

Cleary, P. A.; Fuhrman, N.; Schulz, L.; Schafer, J.; Fillingham, J.; Bootsma, H.; McQueen, J.; Tang, Y.; Langel, T.; McKeen, S.; Williams, E. J.; Brown, S. S.

doi:10.5194/acp-15-5109-2015

Articles | Volume 15, issue 9

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5109-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5109-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 15, issue 9

Research article

|

06 May 2015

Research article |

| 06 May 2015

Ozone distributions over southern Lake Michigan: comparisons between ferry-based observations, shoreline-based DOAS observations and model forecasts

P. A. Cleary, N. Fuhrman, L. Schulz, J. Schafer, J. Fillingham, H. Bootsma, J. McQueen, Y. Tang, T. Langel, S. McKeen, E. J. Williams, and S. S. Brown

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Sep 2014	68	85	5	158
Oct 2014	13	573	0	586
Nov 2014	12	19	0	31
Dec 2014	11	16	3	30
Jan 2015	12	31	1	44
Feb 2015	11	6	3	20
Mar 2015	10	12	1	23
Apr 2015	15	5	1	21
May 2015	112	115	8	235
Jun 2015	40	17	2	59
Jul 2015	36	17	1	54
Aug 2015	22	23	1	46
Sep 2015	13	48	0	61
Oct 2015	34	80	0	114
Nov 2015	32	41	4	77
Dec 2015	8	26	0	34
Jan 2016	36	29	3	68
Feb 2016	33	26	1	60
Mar 2016	22	17	0	39
Apr 2016	10	14	0	24
May 2016	10	14	0	24
Jun 2016	8	6	0	14
Jul 2016	12	17	3	32
Aug 2016	9	7	0	16
Sep 2016	11	7	0	18
Oct 2016	11	5	1	17
Nov 2016	10	6	0	16
Dec 2016	2	4	0	6
Jan 2017	12	6	0	18
Feb 2017	15	7	0	22
Mar 2017	22	11	1	34
Apr 2017	26	6	0	32
May 2017	25	10	0	35
Jun 2017	27	13	0	40
Jul 2017	20	3	0	23
Aug 2017	10	8	0	18
Sep 2017	12	14	1	27
Oct 2017	8	19	0	27
Nov 2017	7	13	0	20
Dec 2017	9	10	0	19
Jan 2018	2	4	0	6
Feb 2018	3	6	1	10
Mar 2018	12	12	0	24
Apr 2018	9	8	0	17
May 2018	10	15	1	26
Jun 2018	5	10	1	16
Jul 2018	2	5	0	7
Aug 2018	8	6	0	14
Sep 2018	7	10	3	20
Oct 2018	16	11	2	29
Nov 2018	11	7	0	18
Dec 2018	10	6	0	16
Jan 2019	5	9	1	15
Feb 2019	5	4	0	9
Mar 2019	8	11	1	20
Apr 2019	5	5	0	10
May 2019	11	9	1	21
Jun 2019	6	5	0	11
Jul 2019	11	12	0	23
Aug 2019	4	6	0	10
Sep 2019	3	2	0	5
Oct 2019	6	5	0	11
Nov 2019	2	9	0	11
Dec 2019	3	4	0	7
Jan 2020	7	10	0	17
Feb 2020	8	5	0	13
Mar 2020	3	2	0	5
Apr 2020	1	4	0	5
May 2020	4	2	0	6
Jun 2020	18	4	0	22
Jul 2020	15	8	6	29
Aug 2020	12	6	4	22
Sep 2020	5	9	0	14
Oct 2020	10	5	1	16
Nov 2020	8	3	2	13
Dec 2020	9	3	0	12
Jan 2021	14	8	0	22
Feb 2021	7	9	0	16
Mar 2021	7	4	0	11
Apr 2021	5	5	0	10
May 2021	4	7	1	12
Jun 2021	5	6	0	11
Jul 2021	7	10	0	17
Aug 2021	6	5	0	11
Sep 2021	8	19	0	27
Oct 2021	7	28	0	35
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Jan 2022	10	12	0	22
Feb 2022	8	6	1	15
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Jun 2022	3	4	0	7
Jul 2022	4	6	1	11
Aug 2022	12	10	0	22
Sep 2022	6	2	0	8
Oct 2022	6	9	1	16
Nov 2022	14	10	0	24
Dec 2022	11	5	0	16
Jan 2023	5	21	0	26
Feb 2023	15	14	1	30
Mar 2023	26	9	1	36
Apr 2023	7	6	0	13
May 2023	30	7	0	37
Jun 2023	39	6	1	46
Jul 2023	43	10	1	54
Aug 2023	41	6	2	49
Sep 2023	40	5	0	45
Oct 2023	41	6	2	49
Nov 2023	29	1	1	31
Dec 2023	52	18	9	79
Jan 2024	35	18	1	54
Feb 2024	35	14	0	49
Mar 2024	47	26	3	76
Apr 2024	53	16	2	71
May 2024	19	17	3	39
Jun 2024	53	9	3	65
Jul 2024	14	6	1	21
Aug 2024	27	10	2	39
Sep 2024	9	11	0	20
Oct 2024	12	7	2	21
Nov 2024	11	3	2	16
Dec 2024	8	6	2	16
Jan 2025	15	18	1	34
Feb 2025	23	12	4	39
Mar 2025	11	9	1	21
Apr 2025	10	14	2	26
May 2025	23	10	3	36
Jun 2025	38	14	2	54
Jul 2025	31	16	0	47
Aug 2025	39	10	1	50
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Oct 2025	17	18	1	36
Nov 2025	10	6	0	16

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 10 Sep 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Sep 2014	68	85	5	158
Oct 2014	13	573	0	586
Nov 2014	12	19	0	31
Dec 2014	11	16	3	30
Jan 2015	12	31	1	44
Feb 2015	11	6	3	20
Mar 2015	10	12	1	23
Apr 2015	15	5	1	21
May 2015	112	115	8	235
Jun 2015	40	17	2	59
Jul 2015	36	17	1	54
Aug 2015	22	23	1	46
Sep 2015	13	48	0	61
Oct 2015	34	80	0	114
Nov 2015	32	41	4	77
Dec 2015	8	26	0	34
Jan 2016	36	29	3	68
Feb 2016	33	26	1	60
Mar 2016	22	17	0	39
Apr 2016	10	14	0	24
May 2016	10	14	0	24
Jun 2016	8	6	0	14
Jul 2016	12	17	3	32
Aug 2016	9	7	0	16
Sep 2016	11	7	0	18
Oct 2016	11	5	1	17
Nov 2016	10	6	0	16
Dec 2016	2	4	0	6
Jan 2017	12	6	0	18
Feb 2017	15	7	0	22
Mar 2017	22	11	1	34
Apr 2017	26	6	0	32
May 2017	25	10	0	35
Jun 2017	27	13	0	40
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Aug 2017	10	8	0	18
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Jul 2021	7	10	0	17
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Dec 2022	11	5	0	16
Jan 2023	5	21	0	26
Feb 2023	15	14	1	30
Mar 2023	26	9	1	36
Apr 2023	7	6	0	13
May 2023	30	7	0	37
Jun 2023	39	6	1	46
Jul 2023	43	10	1	54
Aug 2023	41	6	2	49
Sep 2023	40	5	0	45
Oct 2023	41	6	2	49
Nov 2023	29	1	1	31
Dec 2023	52	18	9	79
Jan 2024	35	18	1	54
Feb 2024	35	14	0	49
Mar 2024	47	26	3	76
Apr 2024	53	16	2	71
May 2024	19	17	3	39
Jun 2024	53	9	3	65
Jul 2024	14	6	1	21
Aug 2024	27	10	2	39
Sep 2024	9	11	0	20
Oct 2024	12	7	2	21
Nov 2024	11	3	2	16
Dec 2024	8	6	2	16
Jan 2025	15	18	1	34
Feb 2025	23	12	4	39
Mar 2025	11	9	1	21
Apr 2025	10	14	2	26
May 2025	23	10	3	36
Jun 2025	38	14	2	54
Jul 2025	31	16	0	47
Aug 2025	39	10	1	50
Sep 2025	57	16	2	75
Oct 2025	17	18	1	36
Nov 2025	10	6	0	16

Latest update: 08 Nov 2025

Short summary

This study examines ozone mixing ratios over Lake Michigan as measured on the Lake Express ferry, by shoreline differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) observations in southeastern Wisconsin, and as predicted by the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Over water, ozone was determined to be an average of 3.8ppb higher than shoreline observations but overpredicted by the CMAQ model by as much as 11-16ppb midday.