Dimensions and aspect ratios of natural ice crystals

Um, J.; McFarquhar, G. M.; Hong, Y. P.; Lee, S.-S.; Jung, C. H.; Lawson, R. P.; Mo, Q.

doi:10.5194/acp-15-3933-2015

Articles | Volume 15, issue 7

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3933-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3933-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 15, issue 7

Research article

|

15 Apr 2015

Research article |

| 15 Apr 2015

Dimensions and aspect ratios of natural ice crystals

J. Um, G. M. McFarquhar, Y. P. Hong, S.-S. Lee, C. H. Jung, R. P. Lawson, and Q. Mo

Viewed

Total article views: 6,171 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
3,171	2,810	190	6,171	211	209

HTML: 3,171
PDF: 2,810
XML: 190
Total: 6,171
BibTeX: 211
EndNote: 209

Views and downloads (calculated since 10 Dec 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2014	151	96	12	259
Jan 2015	78	40	1	119
Feb 2015	31	13	0	44
Mar 2015	45	8	1	54
Apr 2015	184	119	4	307
May 2015	61	56	4	121
Jun 2015	46	17	4	67
Jul 2015	42	34	2	78
Aug 2015	47	32	1	80
Sep 2015	22	24	2	48
Oct 2015	30	14	0	44
Nov 2015	30	41	5	76
Dec 2015	20	25	2	47
Jan 2016	25	16	3	44
Feb 2016	30	15	0	45
Mar 2016	16	7	0	23
Apr 2016	6	7	0	13
May 2016	10	11	0	21
Jun 2016	6	8	0	14
Jul 2016	8	4	3	15
Aug 2016	13	10	0	23
Sep 2016	12	8	0	20
Oct 2016	12	6	0	18
Nov 2016	13	8	0	21
Dec 2016	6	5	0	11
Jan 2017	22	12	0	34
Feb 2017	18	17	0	35
Mar 2017	22	15	2	39
Apr 2017	33	26	0	59
May 2017	24	15	0	39
Jun 2017	29	13	3	45
Jul 2017	18	13	0	31
Aug 2017	6	18	0	24
Sep 2017	12	21	1	34
Oct 2017	8	26	0	34
Nov 2017	10	28	1	39
Dec 2017	13	21	0	34
Jan 2018	9	14	3	26
Feb 2018	8	13	0	21
Mar 2018	11	20	0	31
Apr 2018	9	11	3	23
May 2018	13	16	1	30
Jun 2018	9	20	0	29
Jul 2018	2	22	0	24
Aug 2018	14	19	1	34
Sep 2018	12	25	0	37
Oct 2018	10	22	1	33
Nov 2018	14	29	0	43
Dec 2018	7	18	3	28
Jan 2019	6	19	2	27
Feb 2019	3	12	0	15
Mar 2019	4	18	5	27
Apr 2019	7	15	1	23
May 2019	5	18	0	23
Jun 2019	9	18	0	27
Jul 2019	9	20	0	29
Aug 2019	2	9	0	11
Sep 2019	1	6	0	7
Oct 2019	8	12	0	20
Nov 2019	7	7	0	14
Dec 2019	4	11	0	15
Jan 2020	12	14	0	26
Feb 2020	7	5	1	13
Mar 2020	9	10	1	20
Apr 2020	7	17	0	24
May 2020	4	12	0	16
Jun 2020	25	12	0	37
Jul 2020	25	19	7	51
Aug 2020	17	14	4	35
Sep 2020	10	12	0	22
Oct 2020	8	17	0	25
Nov 2020	5	18	0	23
Dec 2020	7	8	0	15
Jan 2021	17	16	0	33
Feb 2021	11	11	0	22
Mar 2021	4	5	0	9
Apr 2021	9	10	1	20
May 2021	11	8	1	20
Jun 2021	8	12	0	20
Jul 2021	9	10	0	19
Aug 2021	8	14	0	22
Sep 2021	21	18	1	40
Oct 2021	18	56	1	75
Nov 2021	8	32	1	41
Dec 2021	14	18	1	33
Jan 2022	8	12	1	21
Feb 2022	19	11	3	33
Mar 2022	22	18	0	40
Apr 2022	12	14	2	28
May 2022	26	22	0	48
Jun 2022	14	14	3	31
Jul 2022	11	10	0	21
Aug 2022	16	14	2	32
Sep 2022	18	15	0	33
Oct 2022	15	18	2	35
Nov 2022	13	23	0	36
Dec 2022	13	9	1	23
Jan 2023	14	13	0	27
Feb 2023	19	19	1	39
Mar 2023	28	34	2	64
Apr 2023	15	9	0	24
May 2023	32	16	0	48
Jun 2023	45	13	1	59
Jul 2023	54	18	3	75
Aug 2023	36	22	5	63
Sep 2023	41	29	1	71
Oct 2023	45	24	2	71
Nov 2023	29	3	0	32
Dec 2023	50	22	3	75
Jan 2024	50	31	2	83
Feb 2024	41	17	0	58
Mar 2024	51	52	2	105
Apr 2024	45	17	3	65
May 2024	16	19	0	35
Jun 2024	14	18	2	34
Jul 2024	19	10	4	33
Aug 2024	34	16	1	51
Sep 2024	10	8	0	18
Oct 2024	23	14	0	37
Nov 2024	12	30	2	44
Dec 2024	18	27	1	46
Jan 2025	38	23	7	68
Feb 2025	48	29	3	80
Mar 2025	26	21	1	48
Apr 2025	29	26	0	55
May 2025	42	16	1	59
Jun 2025	65	26	5	96
Jul 2025	35	28	1	64
Aug 2025	59	33	3	95
Sep 2025	29	25	1	55
Oct 2025	21	50	0	71
Nov 2025	41	44	5	90
Dec 2025	41	65	2	108
Jan 2026	59	61	11	131
Feb 2026	43	40	4	87
Mar 2026	31	41	6	78
Apr 2026	20	10	1	31

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 10 Dec 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Dec 2014	151	96	12	259
Jan 2015	78	40	1	119
Feb 2015	31	13	0	44
Mar 2015	45	8	1	54
Apr 2015	184	119	4	307
May 2015	61	56	4	121
Jun 2015	46	17	4	67
Jul 2015	42	34	2	78
Aug 2015	47	32	1	80
Sep 2015	22	24	2	48
Oct 2015	30	14	0	44
Nov 2015	30	41	5	76
Dec 2015	20	25	2	47
Jan 2016	25	16	3	44
Feb 2016	30	15	0	45
Mar 2016	16	7	0	23
Apr 2016	6	7	0	13
May 2016	10	11	0	21
Jun 2016	6	8	0	14
Jul 2016	8	4	3	15
Aug 2016	13	10	0	23
Sep 2016	12	8	0	20
Oct 2016	12	6	0	18
Nov 2016	13	8	0	21
Dec 2016	6	5	0	11
Jan 2017	22	12	0	34
Feb 2017	18	17	0	35
Mar 2017	22	15	2	39
Apr 2017	33	26	0	59
May 2017	24	15	0	39
Jun 2017	29	13	3	45
Jul 2017	18	13	0	31
Aug 2017	6	18	0	24
Sep 2017	12	21	1	34
Oct 2017	8	26	0	34
Nov 2017	10	28	1	39
Dec 2017	13	21	0	34
Jan 2018	9	14	3	26
Feb 2018	8	13	0	21
Mar 2018	11	20	0	31
Apr 2018	9	11	3	23
May 2018	13	16	1	30
Jun 2018	9	20	0	29
Jul 2018	2	22	0	24
Aug 2018	14	19	1	34
Sep 2018	12	25	0	37
Oct 2018	10	22	1	33
Nov 2018	14	29	0	43
Dec 2018	7	18	3	28
Jan 2019	6	19	2	27
Feb 2019	3	12	0	15
Mar 2019	4	18	5	27
Apr 2019	7	15	1	23
May 2019	5	18	0	23
Jun 2019	9	18	0	27
Jul 2019	9	20	0	29
Aug 2019	2	9	0	11
Sep 2019	1	6	0	7
Oct 2019	8	12	0	20
Nov 2019	7	7	0	14
Dec 2019	4	11	0	15
Jan 2020	12	14	0	26
Feb 2020	7	5	1	13
Mar 2020	9	10	1	20
Apr 2020	7	17	0	24
May 2020	4	12	0	16
Jun 2020	25	12	0	37
Jul 2020	25	19	7	51
Aug 2020	17	14	4	35
Sep 2020	10	12	0	22
Oct 2020	8	17	0	25
Nov 2020	5	18	0	23
Dec 2020	7	8	0	15
Jan 2021	17	16	0	33
Feb 2021	11	11	0	22
Mar 2021	4	5	0	9
Apr 2021	9	10	1	20
May 2021	11	8	1	20
Jun 2021	8	12	0	20
Jul 2021	9	10	0	19
Aug 2021	8	14	0	22
Sep 2021	21	18	1	40
Oct 2021	18	56	1	75
Nov 2021	8	32	1	41
Dec 2021	14	18	1	33
Jan 2022	8	12	1	21
Feb 2022	19	11	3	33
Mar 2022	22	18	0	40
Apr 2022	12	14	2	28
May 2022	26	22	0	48
Jun 2022	14	14	3	31
Jul 2022	11	10	0	21
Aug 2022	16	14	2	32
Sep 2022	18	15	0	33
Oct 2022	15	18	2	35
Nov 2022	13	23	0	36
Dec 2022	13	9	1	23
Jan 2023	14	13	0	27
Feb 2023	19	19	1	39
Mar 2023	28	34	2	64
Apr 2023	15	9	0	24
May 2023	32	16	0	48
Jun 2023	45	13	1	59
Jul 2023	54	18	3	75
Aug 2023	36	22	5	63
Sep 2023	41	29	1	71
Oct 2023	45	24	2	71
Nov 2023	29	3	0	32
Dec 2023	50	22	3	75
Jan 2024	50	31	2	83
Feb 2024	41	17	0	58
Mar 2024	51	52	2	105
Apr 2024	45	17	3	65
May 2024	16	19	0	35
Jun 2024	14	18	2	34
Jul 2024	19	10	4	33
Aug 2024	34	16	1	51
Sep 2024	10	8	0	18
Oct 2024	23	14	0	37
Nov 2024	12	30	2	44
Dec 2024	18	27	1	46
Jan 2025	38	23	7	68
Feb 2025	48	29	3	80
Mar 2025	26	21	1	48
Apr 2025	29	26	0	55
May 2025	42	16	1	59
Jun 2025	65	26	5	96
Jul 2025	35	28	1	64
Aug 2025	59	33	3	95
Sep 2025	29	25	1	55
Oct 2025	21	50	0	71
Nov 2025	41	44	5	90
Dec 2025	41	65	2	108
Jan 2026	59	61	11	131
Feb 2026	43	40	4	87
Mar 2026	31	41	6	78
Apr 2026	20	10	1	31

Saved (final revised paper)

Latest update: 24 Apr 2026

Short summary

Dimensions of ice crystals increased with an increase in temperature and the L-W relationships of crystals with a given L depended heavily on temperature, whereas the aspect ratio depended only weakly on temperature. The relative frequency of occurrence of plates was much larger in anvil clouds compared to that of columnar crystals (i.e., columns and bullet rosettes), whereas the relative occurrence frequency of columnar crystals was much larger in non-anvil clouds.