Black carbon concentrations and mixing state in the Finnish Arctic

Raatikainen, T.; Brus, D.; Hyvärinen, A.-P.; Svensson, J.; Asmi, E.; Lihavainen, H.

doi:10.5194/acp-15-10057-2015

Articles | Volume 15, issue 17

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10057-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10057-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 15, issue 17

Research article

|

09 Sep 2015

Research article |

| 09 Sep 2015

Black carbon concentrations and mixing state in the Finnish Arctic

T. Raatikainen, D. Brus, A.-P. Hyvärinen, J. Svensson, E. Asmi, and H. Lihavainen

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Jun 2015	101	75	4	180
Jul 2015	34	25	8	67
Aug 2015	17	12	4	33
Sep 2015	154	145	37	336
Oct 2015	61	60	0	121
Nov 2015	48	66	0	114
Dec 2015	23	75	2	100
Jan 2016	64	78	1	143
Feb 2016	51	49	0	100
Mar 2016	32	42	1	75
Apr 2016	13	35	0	48
May 2016	20	37	0	57
Jun 2016	12	21	1	34
Jul 2016	10	20	3	33
Aug 2016	15	30	0	45
Sep 2016	17	18	0	35
Oct 2016	9	19	0	28
Nov 2016	9	15	0	24
Dec 2016	6	15	0	21
Jan 2017	13	32	1	46
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Mar 2017	21	39	2	62
Apr 2017	27	43	0	70
May 2017	28	50	0	78
Jun 2017	27	13	3	43
Jul 2017	18	6	0	24
Aug 2017	13	16	0	29
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Oct 2017	14	10	1	25
Nov 2017	14	11	1	26
Dec 2017	9	7	0	16
Jan 2018	9	12	0	21
Feb 2018	6	2	0	8
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Apr 2018	12	13	0	25
May 2018	16	11	1	28
Jun 2018	3	8	1	12
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Feb 2019	10	5	0	15
Mar 2019	9	6	0	15
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May 2019	20	7	0	27
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Aug 2019	10	2	0	12
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Nov 2019	12	6	1	19
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Jan 2020	15	8	0	23
Feb 2020	13	3	1	17
Mar 2020	5	2	0	7
Apr 2020	7	5	0	12
May 2020	7	3	0	10
Jun 2020	20	7	0	27
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Sep 2020	13	9	0	22
Oct 2020	8	6	1	15
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Dec 2020	5	6	0	11
Jan 2021	24	8	0	32
Feb 2021	6	2	1	9
Mar 2021	14	14	0	28
Apr 2021	10	11	1	22
May 2021	13	11	1	25
Jun 2021	9	5	0	14
Jul 2021	9	8	0	17
Aug 2021	4	10	0	14
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Oct 2021	15	43	0	58
Nov 2021	24	24	3	51
Dec 2021	15	10	1	26
Jan 2022	13	10	0	23
Feb 2022	9	5	2	16
Mar 2022	19	1	0	20
Apr 2022	13	4	2	19
May 2022	11	6	0	17
Jun 2022	10	4	0	14
Jul 2022	7	4	0	11
Aug 2022	15	7	0	22
Sep 2022	8	6	0	14
Oct 2022	10	2	2	14
Nov 2022	23	3	0	26
Dec 2022	12	7	0	19
Jan 2023	13	10	1	24
Feb 2023	15	7	0	22
Mar 2023	19	10	1	30
Apr 2023	7	8	0	15
May 2023	33	10	1	44
Jun 2023	41	7	2	50
Jul 2023	43	5	0	48
Aug 2023	42	10	3	55
Sep 2023	98	6	1	105
Oct 2023	153	7	2	162
Nov 2023	154	5	0	159
Dec 2023	44	10	3	57
Jan 2024	37	6	0	43
Feb 2024	42	4	2	48
Mar 2024	43	11	1	55
Apr 2024	39	5	4	48
May 2024	11	9	4	24
Jun 2024	11	8	2	21
Jul 2024	11	10	1	22
Aug 2024	24	6	0	30
Sep 2024	8	3	0	11
Oct 2024	19	5	0	24
Nov 2024	15	5	2	22
Dec 2024	18	14	0	32
Jan 2025	26	9	1	36
Feb 2025	49	12	5	66
Mar 2025	24	7	1	32
Apr 2025	11	13	1	25
May 2025	33	5	1	39
Jun 2025	39	10	2	51
Jul 2025	24	15	2	41
Aug 2025	37	15	4	56
Sep 2025	30	9	2	41
Oct 2025	23	14	1	38
Nov 2025	26	12	3	41

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 11 Jun 2015)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Jun 2015	101	75	4	180
Jul 2015	34	25	8	67
Aug 2015	17	12	4	33
Sep 2015	154	145	37	336
Oct 2015	61	60	0	121
Nov 2015	48	66	0	114
Dec 2015	23	75	2	100
Jan 2016	64	78	1	143
Feb 2016	51	49	0	100
Mar 2016	32	42	1	75
Apr 2016	13	35	0	48
May 2016	20	37	0	57
Jun 2016	12	21	1	34
Jul 2016	10	20	3	33
Aug 2016	15	30	0	45
Sep 2016	17	18	0	35
Oct 2016	9	19	0	28
Nov 2016	9	15	0	24
Dec 2016	6	15	0	21
Jan 2017	13	32	1	46
Feb 2017	14	22	0	36
Mar 2017	21	39	2	62
Apr 2017	27	43	0	70
May 2017	28	50	0	78
Jun 2017	27	13	3	43
Jul 2017	18	6	0	24
Aug 2017	13	16	0	29
Sep 2017	10	12	1	23
Oct 2017	14	10	1	25
Nov 2017	14	11	1	26
Dec 2017	9	7	0	16
Jan 2018	9	12	0	21
Feb 2018	6	2	0	8
Mar 2018	15	14	0	29
Apr 2018	12	13	0	25
May 2018	16	11	1	28
Jun 2018	3	8	1	12
Jul 2018	11	9	0	20
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Apr 2021	10	11	1	22
May 2021	13	11	1	25
Jun 2021	9	5	0	14
Jul 2021	9	8	0	17
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Feb 2022	9	5	2	16
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Oct 2022	10	2	2	14
Nov 2022	23	3	0	26
Dec 2022	12	7	0	19
Jan 2023	13	10	1	24
Feb 2023	15	7	0	22
Mar 2023	19	10	1	30
Apr 2023	7	8	0	15
May 2023	33	10	1	44
Jun 2023	41	7	2	50
Jul 2023	43	5	0	48
Aug 2023	42	10	3	55
Sep 2023	98	6	1	105
Oct 2023	153	7	2	162
Nov 2023	154	5	0	159
Dec 2023	44	10	3	57
Jan 2024	37	6	0	43
Feb 2024	42	4	2	48
Mar 2024	43	11	1	55
Apr 2024	39	5	4	48
May 2024	11	9	4	24
Jun 2024	11	8	2	21
Jul 2024	11	10	1	22
Aug 2024	24	6	0	30
Sep 2024	8	3	0	11
Oct 2024	19	5	0	24
Nov 2024	15	5	2	22
Dec 2024	18	14	0	32
Jan 2025	26	9	1	36
Feb 2025	49	12	5	66
Mar 2025	24	7	1	32
Apr 2025	11	13	1	25
May 2025	33	5	1	39
Jun 2025	39	10	2	51
Jul 2025	24	15	2	41
Aug 2025	37	15	4	56
Sep 2025	30	9	2	41
Oct 2025	23	14	1	38
Nov 2025	26	12	3	41

Latest update: 26 Nov 2025

Short summary

We have measured atmospheric aerosol composition by using a Single Particle Soot Photometer (SP2) in the Finnish Arctic during winter 2011-2012. SP2 can give detailed information about mass distributions and mixing state of refractory black carbon (rBC). The measurements showed varying rBC mass concentrations, but relatively constant rBC core size distributions and mixing state parameters. On average, 24% of all particles contain rBC and the observed rBC cores are always thickly coated.