Potential climate forcing of land use and land cover change

Ward, D. S.; Mahowald, N. M.; Kloster, S.

doi:10.5194/acp-14-12701-2014

Articles | Volume 14, issue 23

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12701-2014

© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12701-2014

© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 14, issue 23

Research article

| Highlight paper

|

03 Dec 2014

Research article | Highlight paper |

| 03 Dec 2014

Potential climate forcing of land use and land cover change

D. S. Ward, N. M. Mahowald, and S. Kloster

Viewed

Total article views: 15,370 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
7,622	7,474	274	15,370	214	277

HTML: 7,622
PDF: 7,474
XML: 274
Total: 15,370
BibTeX: 214
EndNote: 277

Views and downloads (calculated since 14 May 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
May 2014	173	149	4	326
Jun 2014	41	213	1	255
Jul 2014	59	422	1	482
Aug 2014	86	397	11	494
Sep 2014	95	405	10	510
Oct 2014	75	412	2	489
Nov 2014	87	513	2	602
Dec 2014	690	741	21	1,452
Jan 2015	148	335	2	485
Feb 2015	165	138	5	308
Mar 2015	68	74	5	147
Apr 2015	52	85	2	139
May 2015	25	78	6	109
Jun 2015	44	71	3	118
Jul 2015	92	98	3	193
Aug 2015	70	98	3	171
Sep 2015	38	81	0	119
Oct 2015	53	86	1	140
Nov 2015	52	97	7	156
Dec 2015	36	79	3	118
Jan 2016	71	79	5	155
Feb 2016	46	79	3	128
Mar 2016	40	79	0	119
Apr 2016	26	43	0	69
May 2016	31	33	1	65
Jun 2016	11	22	0	33
Jul 2016	19	23	3	45
Aug 2016	19	21	1	41
Sep 2016	20	30	1	51
Oct 2016	22	19	0	41
Nov 2016	18	34	0	52
Dec 2016	11	24	0	35
Jan 2017	32	20	1	53
Feb 2017	19	9	2	30
Mar 2017	48	28	6	82
Apr 2017	55	20	3	78
May 2017	55	26	1	82
Jun 2017	44	11	4	59
Jul 2017	29	14	0	43
Aug 2017	53	36	1	90
Sep 2017	35	89	1	125
Oct 2017	20	65	0	85
Nov 2017	20	44	2	66
Dec 2017	16	40	0	56
Jan 2018	23	41	0	64
Feb 2018	26	33	1	60
Mar 2018	15	34	1	50
Apr 2018	36	54	2	92
May 2018	26	45	2	73
Jun 2018	10	37	2	49
Jul 2018	12	39	0	51
Aug 2018	34	48	0	82
Sep 2018	44	38	1	83
Oct 2018	36	48	4	88
Nov 2018	30	54	2	86
Dec 2018	23	40	2	65
Jan 2019	9	19	2	30
Feb 2019	18	11	1	30
Mar 2019	34	28	1	63
Apr 2019	39	19	0	58
May 2019	34	23	0	57
Jun 2019	26	18	0	44
Jul 2019	32	25	1	58
Aug 2019	41	19	0	60
Sep 2019	47	24	2	73
Oct 2019	38	22	0	60
Nov 2019	25	20	1	46
Dec 2019	44	25	1	70
Jan 2020	30	10	0	40
Feb 2020	44	6	2	52
Mar 2020	43	17	0	60
Apr 2020	53	13	0	66
May 2020	88	20	3	111
Jun 2020	53	13	0	66
Jul 2020	64	10	7	81
Aug 2020	55	15	5	75
Sep 2020	67	14	1	82
Oct 2020	25	15	1	41
Nov 2020	38	12	1	51
Dec 2020	57	18	0	75
Jan 2021	61	12	1	74
Feb 2021	66	20	0	86
Mar 2021	56	28	0	84
Apr 2021	58	25	0	83
May 2021	65	18	2	85
Jun 2021	64	15	0	79
Jul 2021	44	8	0	52
Aug 2021	44	8	0	52
Sep 2021	65	23	1	89
Oct 2021	48	31	1	80
Nov 2021	52	34	2	88
Dec 2021	56	21	1	78
Jan 2022	55	25	4	84
Feb 2022	59	16	5	80
Mar 2022	53	14	1	68
Apr 2022	48	14	2	64
May 2022	46	17	0	63
Jun 2022	49	9	2	60
Jul 2022	42	4	0	46
Aug 2022	53	9	0	62
Sep 2022	46	8	0	54
Oct 2022	45	15	4	64
Nov 2022	55	16	0	71
Dec 2022	54	14	0	68
Jan 2023	55	15	0	70
Feb 2023	56	13	0	69
Mar 2023	58	17	2	77
Apr 2023	51	28	0	79
May 2023	81	23	0	104
Jun 2023	77	23	1	101
Jul 2023	80	17	4	101
Aug 2023	84	16	4	104
Sep 2023	92	21	0	113
Oct 2023	114	21	2	137
Nov 2023	99	9	3	111
Dec 2023	68	20	5	93
Jan 2024	59	15	1	75
Feb 2024	58	22	2	82
Mar 2024	67	27	2	96
Apr 2024	71	28	10	109
May 2024	38	20	3	61
Jun 2024	69	18	1	88
Jul 2024	38	19	1	58
Aug 2024	52	13	4	69
Sep 2024	42	14	2	58
Oct 2024	38	9	1	48
Nov 2024	40	13	3	56
Dec 2024	26	17	3	46
Jan 2025	35	20	1	56
Feb 2025	64	15	3	82
Mar 2025	46	22	2	70
Apr 2025	42	15	0	57
May 2025	67	9	0	76
Jun 2025	84	23	6	113
Jul 2025	50	26	1	77
Aug 2025	71	31	3	105
Sep 2025	70	27	2	99
Oct 2025	45	38	2	85
Nov 2025	23	19	1	43

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 14 May 2014)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
May 2014	173	149	4	326
Jun 2014	41	213	1	255
Jul 2014	59	422	1	482
Aug 2014	86	397	11	494
Sep 2014	95	405	10	510
Oct 2014	75	412	2	489
Nov 2014	87	513	2	602
Dec 2014	690	741	21	1,452
Jan 2015	148	335	2	485
Feb 2015	165	138	5	308
Mar 2015	68	74	5	147
Apr 2015	52	85	2	139
May 2015	25	78	6	109
Jun 2015	44	71	3	118
Jul 2015	92	98	3	193
Aug 2015	70	98	3	171
Sep 2015	38	81	0	119
Oct 2015	53	86	1	140
Nov 2015	52	97	7	156
Dec 2015	36	79	3	118
Jan 2016	71	79	5	155
Feb 2016	46	79	3	128
Mar 2016	40	79	0	119
Apr 2016	26	43	0	69
May 2016	31	33	1	65
Jun 2016	11	22	0	33
Jul 2016	19	23	3	45
Aug 2016	19	21	1	41
Sep 2016	20	30	1	51
Oct 2016	22	19	0	41
Nov 2016	18	34	0	52
Dec 2016	11	24	0	35
Jan 2017	32	20	1	53
Feb 2017	19	9	2	30
Mar 2017	48	28	6	82
Apr 2017	55	20	3	78
May 2017	55	26	1	82
Jun 2017	44	11	4	59
Jul 2017	29	14	0	43
Aug 2017	53	36	1	90
Sep 2017	35	89	1	125
Oct 2017	20	65	0	85
Nov 2017	20	44	2	66
Dec 2017	16	40	0	56
Jan 2018	23	41	0	64
Feb 2018	26	33	1	60
Mar 2018	15	34	1	50
Apr 2018	36	54	2	92
May 2018	26	45	2	73
Jun 2018	10	37	2	49
Jul 2018	12	39	0	51
Aug 2018	34	48	0	82
Sep 2018	44	38	1	83
Oct 2018	36	48	4	88
Nov 2018	30	54	2	86
Dec 2018	23	40	2	65
Jan 2019	9	19	2	30
Feb 2019	18	11	1	30
Mar 2019	34	28	1	63
Apr 2019	39	19	0	58
May 2019	34	23	0	57
Jun 2019	26	18	0	44
Jul 2019	32	25	1	58
Aug 2019	41	19	0	60
Sep 2019	47	24	2	73
Oct 2019	38	22	0	60
Nov 2019	25	20	1	46
Dec 2019	44	25	1	70
Jan 2020	30	10	0	40
Feb 2020	44	6	2	52
Mar 2020	43	17	0	60
Apr 2020	53	13	0	66
May 2020	88	20	3	111
Jun 2020	53	13	0	66
Jul 2020	64	10	7	81
Aug 2020	55	15	5	75
Sep 2020	67	14	1	82
Oct 2020	25	15	1	41
Nov 2020	38	12	1	51
Dec 2020	57	18	0	75
Jan 2021	61	12	1	74
Feb 2021	66	20	0	86
Mar 2021	56	28	0	84
Apr 2021	58	25	0	83
May 2021	65	18	2	85
Jun 2021	64	15	0	79
Jul 2021	44	8	0	52
Aug 2021	44	8	0	52
Sep 2021	65	23	1	89
Oct 2021	48	31	1	80
Nov 2021	52	34	2	88
Dec 2021	56	21	1	78
Jan 2022	55	25	4	84
Feb 2022	59	16	5	80
Mar 2022	53	14	1	68
Apr 2022	48	14	2	64
May 2022	46	17	0	63
Jun 2022	49	9	2	60
Jul 2022	42	4	0	46
Aug 2022	53	9	0	62
Sep 2022	46	8	0	54
Oct 2022	45	15	4	64
Nov 2022	55	16	0	71
Dec 2022	54	14	0	68
Jan 2023	55	15	0	70
Feb 2023	56	13	0	69
Mar 2023	58	17	2	77
Apr 2023	51	28	0	79
May 2023	81	23	0	104
Jun 2023	77	23	1	101
Jul 2023	80	17	4	101
Aug 2023	84	16	4	104
Sep 2023	92	21	0	113
Oct 2023	114	21	2	137
Nov 2023	99	9	3	111
Dec 2023	68	20	5	93
Jan 2024	59	15	1	75
Feb 2024	58	22	2	82
Mar 2024	67	27	2	96
Apr 2024	71	28	10	109
May 2024	38	20	3	61
Jun 2024	69	18	1	88
Jul 2024	38	19	1	58
Aug 2024	52	13	4	69
Sep 2024	42	14	2	58
Oct 2024	38	9	1	48
Nov 2024	40	13	3	56
Dec 2024	26	17	3	46
Jan 2025	35	20	1	56
Feb 2025	64	15	3	82
Mar 2025	46	22	2	70
Apr 2025	42	15	0	57
May 2025	67	9	0	76
Jun 2025	84	23	6	113
Jul 2025	50	26	1	77
Aug 2025	71	31	3	105
Sep 2025	70	27	2	99
Oct 2025	45	38	2	85
Nov 2025	23	19	1	43

Latest update: 15 Nov 2025

Short summary

While climate change mitigation policy often focuses on the energy sector, we find that 40% of the historical human-caused change in the Earth’s radiative balance can be attributed to land use activities, such as deforestation and agriculture. Since pressure on land resources is expected to increase, we compute a theoretical upper bound on the radiative balance impacts from future land use which suggests that both energy policy and land policy are necessary to minimize future climate change.