Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA

now at: ARCADIS, Novi, Michigan, USA

Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA

deceased

US EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA

Institute of Alpine and Arctic Research, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA

Department of Geological and Mining Engineering and Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, USA

Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA

Department of Atmospheric {&} Oceanic Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA