Dudhia, A. and Livesey, N.: Validation of temperature measurements from the improved stratospheric and mesospheric sounder, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9795–9809, 1996.
Echle, G., von Clarmann, T., Dudhia, A., Flaud, J.-M., Funke, B., Glatthor, N., Kerridge, B., L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Mart{\'\i}n-Torres, F. J., and Stiller, G. P.: Optimized spectral microwindows for data analysis of the {M}ichelson {I}nterferometer for {P}assive {A}tmospheric {S}ounding on the {E}nvironmental {S}atellite, Appl. Opt., 39, 5531–5540, https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.39.005531, 2000.
Fischer, H., Birk, M., Blom, C., Carli, B., Carlotti, M., von Clarmann, T., Delbouille, L., Dudhia, A., Ehhalt, D., Endemann, M., Flaud, J. M., Gessner, R., Kleinert, A., Koopman, R., Langen, J., López-Puertas, M., Mosner, P., Nett, H., Oelhaf, H., Perron, G., Remedios, J., Ridolfi, M., Stiller, G., and Zander, R.: MIPAS: an instrument for atmospheric and climate research, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 2151–2188, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-2151-2008, 2008.
Flaud, J.-M., Brizzi, G., Carlotti, M., Perrin, A., and Ridolfi, M.: MIPAS database: Validation of HNO3 line parameters using MIPAS satellite measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5037–5048, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-5037-2006, 2006.
French, W. J. R. and Mulligan, F. J.: Stability of temperatures from TIMED/SABER v1.07 (2002–2009) and Aura/MLS v2.2 (2004–2009) compared with OH(6-2) temperatures observed at Davis Station, Antarctica, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 11439–11446, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11439-2010, 2010.
French, W. J. R., Burns, G. B., Finlayson, K., Greet, P. A., Lowe, R. P., and Williams, P. F. B.: Hydroxyl (6-2) airglow emission intensity ratios for rotational temperature determination, Ann. Geophys., 18, 1293–1303, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-1293-2, 2000.
Funke, B., Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., Echle, G., and Fischer, H.: CO
2 Line Mixing in MIPAS Limb Emission Spectra and its Influence on Retrieval of Atmospheric Parameters, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 59, 215–230, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4073(97)00121-0, 1998.
Funke, B., L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., and H{ö}pfner, M.: A new non–{LTE} Retrieval Method for Atmospheric Parameters From MIPAS–ENVISAT Emission Spectra, Adv. Space Res., 27, 1099–1104, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(01)00169-7, 2001.
Funke, B., López-Puertas, M., García-Comas, M., Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., Höpfner, M., Glatthor, N., Grabowski, U., Kellmann, S., and Linden, A.: Carbon monoxide distributions from the upper troposphere to the mesosphere inferred from 4.7 μm non-local thermal equilibrium emissions measured by MIPAS on Envisat, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 2387–2411, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-2387-2009, 2009.
Garcia, R. R.: A Numerical Model of the Zonally Averaged Dynamical and Chemical Structure of the Middle Atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 1379–1400, 1983.
Garcia, R. R., Marsh, D. R., Kinnison, D. E., Boville, B. A., and Sassi, F.: Simulation of secular trends in the middle atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D09301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007485, 2007.
Garc{\'i}a-Comas, M., L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Marshall, B., Wintersteiner, P. P., Funke, B., Bermejo-Pantal{é}on, D., Mertens, C. J., Remsberg, E. E., Gordley, L. L., Mlynczak, M., and Russell, J.: Errors in SABER kinetic temperature caused by non-{LTE} model parameters, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D24106, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010105, 2008.
Grossmann, K. U., Offermann, D., Gusev, O., Oberheide, J., Riese, M., and Spang, R.: The {CRISTA}–2 mission, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 8173, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000667, 2002.
Gusev, O., Kaufmann, M., Grossmann, K.-U., Schmidlin, F., and Shepherd, M. G.: Atmospheric neutral temperature distribution at the mesopause altitude, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 68, 1684–1697, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2005.12.010, 2006.
Hase, F., Demoulin, P., Sauval, A. J., Toon, G. C., Bernath, P. F., Goldman, A., Hannigan, J. W., and Rinsland, C. P.: An empirical line–by–line model for the infrared solar transmittance spectrum from 700 to 5000 cm
−1, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 102, 450–463, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2006.02.026, 2006.
Kaufmann, M., Gusev, O. A., Grossmann, K. U., Roble, R. G., Hagan, M. E., Hartsough, C., and Kutepov, A. A.: The vertical and horizontal distribution of CO}
2 densities in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere as measured by {CRISTA, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 8182, https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD000704, 2002.
Keckhut, P., McDermid, S., Swart, D., McGee, T., Godin-Beekmann, S., Adriani, A., Barnes, J., Baray, J., Bencherif, H., Claude, H., di Sarra, A., Fiocco, G., Hansen, G., Hauchecorne, A., Leblanc, T., Lee, C., Pal, S., Megie, G., Nakane, H., Neuber, R., Steinbrecht, W., and Thayer, J.: Review of ozone and temperature lidar validations performed within the framework of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change, J. Environ. Monit., 6, 721–733, 2004.
Khosravi, R., Lambert, A., Lee, H., Gille, J., Barnett, J., Francis, G., Edwards, D., Halvorson, C., Massie, S., Craig, C., Krinsky, C., McInerney, J., Stone, K., Eden, T., Nardi, B., Hepplewhite, C., Mankin, W., and Coffey, M.: Overview and characterization of retrievals of temperature, pressure, and atmospheric constituents from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS) measurements, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 114, D20304, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD011937, 2009.
Kiefer, M., von Clarmann, T., Grabowski, U., De Laurentis, M., Mantovani, R., Milz, M., and Ridolfi, M.: Characterization of MIPAS elevation pointing, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 1615–1628, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1615-2007, 2007.
Kiefer, M., Arnone, E., Dudhia, A., Carlotti, M., Castelli, E., von Clarmann, T., Dinelli, B. M., Kleinert, A., Linden, A., Milz, M., Papandrea, E., and Stiller, G.: Impact of temperature field inhomogeneities on the retrieval of atmospheric species from MIPAS IR limb emission spectra, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 3, 1487–1507, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-3-1487-2010, 2010.
Leblanc, T., McDermid, I. S., Keckhut, P., Hauchecorne, A., She, C. Y., and Krueger, D. A.: Temperature climatology of the middle atmosphere from long–term lidar measurements at middle and low latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 17191–17204, 1998.
López-González, M. J., Rodríguez, E., Shepherd, G. G., Sargoytchev, S., Shepherd, M. G., Aushev, V. M., Brown, S., García-Comas, M., and Wiens, R. H.: Tidal variations of O
2 Atmospheric and OH(6-2) airglow and temperature at mid-latitudes from SATI observations, Ann. Geophys., 23, 3579–3590, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-3579-2005, 2005.
L{ó}pez-Gonz{á}lez, M. J., Garc{í}a-Comas, M., Rodr{í}guez, E., L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Shepherd, M. G., Shepherd, G. G., Sargoytchev, S., Aushev, V. M., Smith, S. M., Mlynczak, M. G., Russell, J. M., Brown, S., Cho, Y., and Wiens, R. H.: Ground-based mesospheric temperatures at mid-latitude derived from O
2 and OH airglow SATI data: Comparison with SABER measurements, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 69, 2379–2390, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2007.07.004, 2007.
L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., L{ó}pez-Valverde, M. {\'A}., Garcia, R. R., and Roble, R. G.: A review of CO
2 and CO abundances in the middle atmosphere, in: Atmospheric Science Across the Stratopause, edited by: Siskind, D. E., Eckermann, S. D., and Summers, M. E., vol. 123 of Geophysical Monograph Series\/, p. 83, American Geophysical Union, 2000.
L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Garc{\'\i}a-Comas, M., Funke, B., Picard, R. H., Winick, J. R., Wintersteiner, P. P., Mlynczak, M. G., Mertens, C. J., Russell III, J. M., and Gordley, L. L.: Evidence for an OH}(υ) excitation mechanism of {CO}
2 4.3 μm nighttime emission from {SABER/TIMED measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D09307, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD004383, 2004.
L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Funke, B., Gil-L{ó}pez, S., L{ó}pez-Valverde, M. A., von Clarmann, T., Fischer, H., Oelhaf, H., Stiller, G. P., Kaufmann, M., Koukouli, M. E., and Flaud, J.-M.: Atmospheric non-local thermodynamic equilibrium emissions as observed by the {M}ichelson {I}nterferometer for {P}assive {A}tmospheric {S}ounding ({MIPAS}), Comptes Rendus Physique, 6, 848–863, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2005.07.012, 2005.
López-Puertas, M., Funke, B., García-Comas, M., Bermejo-Pantaleón, D., Kaufmann, M., and Dudhia, A.: Extension of the Reference atmospheres and Vibrational Temperatures (WP9220). Support to MIPAS Level 2 product validation (MIPAS L2), Report ESA ESRIN contract no 21719/08/i-ol, European Space Agency, 2009.
L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Garc{\'\i}a-Comas, M., Funke, B., Bermejo-Pantale{ó}n, D., H{ö}pfner, M., Grabowski, U., Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., and von Savigny, C.: Measurements of polar mesospheric clouds in infrared emission by MIPAS}/{ENVISAT, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D00I07, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD012548, 2009.
L{übken}, F.-J.: Thermal structure of the arctic summer mesosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 9135–9150, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD900076, 1999.
L{übken}, F.-J., Hillert, W., Lehmacher, G., von Zahn, U., Bittner, M., Offermann, D., Schmidlin, F. J., Hauchecorne, A., Mourier, M., and Czechowsky, P.: Intercomparison of density and temperature profiles obtained by lidar, ionizatoin gauges, falling spheres, datasondes and radiosondes during the DYANA campaign, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, 1969–1984, 1994.
McDermid, I. S., Walsh, T. D., Deslis, A., and White, M. L.: Optical Systems Design for a Stratospheric {L}idar, Appl. Opt., 34, 6201–6210, 1995.
Mertens, C. J., Schmidlin, F. J., Goldberg, R. A., Remsberg, E. E., Pesnell, W. D., Russell III, J. M., Mlynczak, M. G., L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., Wintersteiner, P. P., Picard, R. H., Winick, J. R., and Gordley, L. L.: SABER observations of mesospheric temperatures and comparisons with falling sphere measurements taken during the 2002 summer MaCWAVE campaign, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L03105, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL018605, 2004.
Miller, S. M., Snell, H. E., and Moncet, J.-L.: Simultaneous retrieval of middle atmospheric temperature and trace gas species volume mixing ratios from Cryogenic Infrared Radiance Instrumentation for Shuttle ({CIRRIS} 1{A}), J. Geophys. Res., 104, 18697–18714, 1999.
Mlynczak, M. G., Martin-Torres, F. J., Marshall, B. T., Thompson, R. E., Williams, J., Turpin, T., Kratz, D. P., Russell III, J. M., Woods, T., and Gordley, L. L.: Evidence for a solar cycle influence on the infrared energy budget and radiative cooling of the thermosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 112, A12302, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JA012194, 2007.
Nadile, R. M., Wheeler, N. B., Stair, A. T., Frodsham, D. C., and Wyatt, D. J.: SPIRE-Spectral Infrared Experiment, Proc. Soc. Photo. Opt. Instrum. Eng., 24, p. 18, 1977.
Picone, J., Hedin, A., Drob, D., and Aikin, A.: NRLMSISE-00 empirical model of the atmosphere: Statistical comparisons and scientific issues, J. Geophys. Res., 107, 1468, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002JA009430, 2002.
Raspollini, P., Belotti, C., Burgess, A., Carli, B., Carlotti, M., Ceccherini, S., Dinelli, B. M., Dudhia, A., Flaud, J.-M., Funke, B., Höpfner, M., López-Puertas, M., Payne, V., Piccolo, C., Remedios, J. J., Ridolfi, M., and Spang, R.: MIPAS level 2 operational analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 5605–5630, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-5605-2006, 2006.
Remedios, J. J., Leigh, R. J., Waterfall, A. M., Moore, D. P., Sembhi, H., Parkes, I., Greenhough, J., Chipperfield, M. P., and Hauglustaine, D.: MIPAS reference atmospheres and comparisons to V4.61/V4.62 MIPAS level 2 geophysical data sets, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 7, 9973–10017, https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-7-9973-2007, 2007.
Remsberg, E. E., Marshall, B. T., Garc{\'i}a-Comas, M., Krueger, D., Lingenfelser, G. S., Martin-Torres, J., Mlynczak, M. G., Russell, J. M., I., Smith, A. K., Zhao, Y., Brown, C., Gordley, L. L., L{ó}pez-Gonzalez, M. J., L{ó}pez-Puertas, M., She, C.-Y., Taylor, M. J., and Thompson, R. E.: Assessment of the quality of the V}ersion 1.07 temperature-versus-pressure profiles of the middle atmosphere from {TIMED/SABER, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D17101, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010013, 2008.
Ridolfi, M., Carli, B., Carlotti, M., von Clarmann, T., Dinelli, B., Dudhia, A., Flaud, J.-M., H{ö}pfner, M., Morris, P. E., Raspollini, P., Stiller, G., and Wells, R. J.: Optimized Forward and Retrieval Scheme for MIPAS Near-Real-Time Data Processing, Appl. Opt., 39, 1323–1340, 2000.
Riese, M., Spang, R., Preusse, P., Ern, M., Jarnish, M., Offermann, D., and Grossmann, K. U.: Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere ({CRISTA}) data processing and atmospheric temperature and trace gas retrieval, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 16349–16367, 1999.
Rodgers, C. D.: Inverse Methods for Atmospheric Sounding: Theory and Practice, vol. 2 of Series on Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics, edited by: Taylor, F. W., World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd, Singapore, 2000.
Rosenkranz, P. W.: Shape of the 5 mm Oxygen Band in the Atmosphere, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., AP-23, 498–506, 1975.
Russell III, J. M., Mlynczak, M. G., Gordley, L. L., Tansock, J., and Esplin, R.: An overview of the SABER experiment and preliminary calibration results, Proc. SPIE, 3756, 277–288, 1999.
Sargoytchev, S. I., Brown, S., Solheim, B. H., Cho, Y.-M., Shepherd, G. G., and L{ó}pez-Gonz{á}lez, M. J.: Spectral airglow temperature imager ({SATI}): a ground-based instrument for the monitoring of mesosphere temperature, Appl. Opt., 43, 5712–5721, 2004.
Smith, A. K., Marsh, D. R., Mlynczak, M. G., and Mast, J. C.: Temporal variations of atomic oxygen in the upper mesosphere from SABER, J. Geophys. Res., 115, D18309, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JD013434, 2010.
Stair, T., Pritchard, J., Coleman, I., Bohne, C., Williamson, W., Rogers, J., and Rawlins, W. T.: Rocketborne cryogenic (10 {K}) high-resolution interferometer spectrometer flight {HIRIS}: auroral and atmospheric IR emission spectra, Appl. Opt., 22, 1056–1069, 1983.
Steck, T.: Methods for determining regularization for atmospheric retrieval problems, Appl. Opt., 41, 1788–1797, 2002.
Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., Funke, B., Glatthor, N., Hase, F., H{ö}pfner, M., and Linden, A.: Sensitivity of trace gas abundances retrievals from infrared limb emission spectra to simplifying approximations in radiative transfer modelling, J. Quant. Spectrosc. Ra., 72, 249–280, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4073(01)00123-6, 2002.
Tikhonov, A.: On the solution of incorrectly stated problems and method of regularization, Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, 151, 501–504, 1963.
Tobiska, W. K., Woods, T., Eparvier, F., Viereck, R., Floyd, L., Bouwer, D., Rottman, G., and White, O. R.: The SOLAR2000 empirical solar irradiance model and forecast tool, J. Atmos. Solar-Terr. Phys., 62, 1233–1250, 2000.
von Clarmann, T.: Validation of remotely sensed profiles of atmospheric state variables: strategies and terminology, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 4311–4320, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-4311-2006, 2006.
von Clarmann, T., Glatthor, N., Grabowski, U., H{ö}pfner, M., Kellmann, S., Kiefer, M., Linden, A., Mengistu Tsidu, G., Milz, M., Steck, T., Stiller, G. P., Wang, D. Y., Fischer, H., Funke, B., Gil-L{ó}pez, S., and L{ó}pez-Puertas, M.: Retrieval of temperature and tangent altitude pointing from limb emission spectra recorded from space by the {M}ichelson {I}nterferometer for {P}assive {A}tmospheric {S}ounding ({MIPAS}), J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4736, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003JD003602, 2003.
von Clarmann, T., Höpfner, M., Kellmann, S., Linden, A., Chauhan, S., Funke, B., Grabowski, U., Glatthor, N., Kiefer, M., Schieferdecker, T., Stiller, G. P., and Versick, S.: Retrieval of temperature, H
2O, O
3, HNO
3, CH
4, N
2O, ClONO
2 and ClO from MIPAS reduced resolution nominal mode limb emission measurements, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 2, 159–175, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-2-159-2009, 2009.
Wintersteiner, P. P., Picard, R. H., Sharma, R. D., Winick, J. R., and Joseph, R. A.: Line-by-line Radiative Excitation Model for the Non-Equilibrium Atmosphere: A}pplication to {CO
2 15-{μm} Emission, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 18083–18117, 1992.