Intraseasonal variations of upper tropospheric water vapor in Asian monsoon region

Abstract. This study investigates intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) of upper tropospheric water vapor (UTWV) in the Asian monsoon region in boreal summer by using data with high spatial and temporal resolution from the AIRS instrument. There are robust intraseasonal cycles with periods of 30–60 days and 10–20 days in the UTWV field over both South Asia and East Asia. The 30–60-day oscillation accounts for more than 60 percent of the total variance. For the 30–60-day mode, the source and propagating signature of the UTWV disturbances are distinct in two monsoon sub-systems. Two patterns in the 30–60 day oscillation are seen: a South Asian pattern that originates on the western side of the Arabian Sea and moves eastward, and an East Asian pattern that develops over West Pacific and moves westward. The 10–20-day mode exhibits a uniform westward propagating signature from West Pacific to the Arabian Sea. The Asian summer monsoon region is identified as a main source for UTWV, so another special interest in this study is the relationship between monsoon activity and the 30–60-day oscillation of UTWV. The data show that the upper troposphere is moistened following intense monsoon convection with lags about 5–10 days. An examination of the low level circulation reveals that wet and dry periods in UTWV are closely related to active and break (inactive) periods in monsoon convection, suggesting that the Asian summer monsoon plays an important role in the intraseasonal variations of UTWV. Similar variability is seen in water vapor from European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) analyses.