Results from the ice nucleation research unit (INUIT) (ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)(ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)
Results from the ice nucleation research unit (INUIT) (ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)(ACP/AMT inter-journal SI)
Editor(s): J. Abbatt, A. Bertram, D. J. Cziczo, and B. Ervens Special issue jointly organized between Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics and Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
Ice crystals play an important role for the radiative properties of clouds as well as for the formation of precipitation. Mixed-phase clouds are clouds that consist of both, super-cooled liquid droplets and ice particles. They account for a large fraction of the clouds in the atmosphere but our knowledge on the microphysical properties of these clouds is still limited. An important question is how ice forms in these clouds. While it is well established that an ice nucleus is needed as a seed for the initial formation of an ice crystal in mixed-phase clouds many questions remain to be answered on the concentration and variability of atmospheric ice nuclei and their physico-chemical properties.

The Research Unit “INUIT” (Ice Nuclei research UnIT) studies heterogeneous ice formation in the atmosphere. The studies include laboratory investigations on the nature of the nucleation process and on the chemical, microphysical and biological characterization of atmospherically relevant ice nuclei as a function of temperature and water saturation. Intensive field experiments are conducted as well as monitoring surveys to study the number concentration, variability, size, chemical composition, surface properties and sources of atmospheric ice nuclei in different freezing modes. Various state-of-the-art methods and facilities are used for the characterization of the ice nuclei. Ice nucleating properties of mineral dust particles, volcanic ash, and biological ice nuclei are a focus of attention of the INUIT research unit. The results of the experimental investigations are fed into a cloud process model and a cloud-resolving meso-scale model to improve the representation of clouds in the models, to simulate cloud processes and to quantify the contribution of ice nuclei types and freezing modes.

The INUIT research unit comprises 9 research projects from 8 partner institutes (Goethe-University of Frankfurt/Main, University of Bielefeld, University of Mainz, Technical University Darmstadt, Leibniz-Institute for Tropospheric Research, Max-Planck Institute for Chemistry and Karlsruhe Institute for Technology). It is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG (grant no. FOR 1525).

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10 Apr 2019
A comprehensive characterization of ice nucleation by three different types of cellulose particles immersed in water
Naruki Hiranuma, Kouji Adachi, David M. Bell, Franco Belosi, Hassan Beydoun, Bhaskar Bhaduri, Heinz Bingemer, Carsten Budke, Hans-Christian Clemen, Franz Conen, Kimberly M. Cory, Joachim Curtius, Paul J. DeMott, Oliver Eppers, Sarah Grawe, Susan Hartmann, Nadine Hoffmann, Kristina Höhler, Evelyn Jantsch, Alexei Kiselev, Thomas Koop, Gourihar Kulkarni, Amelie Mayer, Masataka Murakami, Benjamin J. Murray, Alessia Nicosia, Markus D. Petters, Matteo Piazza, Michael Polen, Naama Reicher, Yinon Rudich, Atsushi Saito, Gianni Santachiara, Thea Schiebel, Gregg P. Schill, Johannes Schneider, Lior Segev, Emiliano Stopelli, Ryan C. Sullivan, Kaitlyn Suski, Miklós Szakáll, Takuya Tajiri, Hans Taylor, Yutaka Tobo, Romy Ullrich, Daniel Weber, Heike Wex, Thomas F. Whale, Craig L. Whiteside, Katsuya Yamashita, Alla Zelenyuk, and Ottmar Möhler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 4823–4849, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4823-2019,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-4823-2019, 2019
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23 Nov 2018
Twin-plate Ice Nucleation Assay (TINA) with infrared detection for high-throughput droplet freezing experiments with biological ice nuclei in laboratory and field samples
Anna T. Kunert, Mark Lamneck, Frank Helleis, Ulrich Pöschl, Mira L. Pöhlker, and Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 6327–6337, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6327-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-6327-2018, 2018
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02 Oct 2018
Coal fly ash: linking immersion freezing behavior and physicochemical particle properties
Sarah Grawe, Stefanie Augustin-Bauditz, Hans-Christian Clemen, Martin Ebert, Stine Eriksen Hammer, Jasmin Lubitz, Naama Reicher, Yinon Rudich, Johannes Schneider, Robert Staacke, Frank Stratmann, André Welti, and Heike Wex
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 13903–13923, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13903-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13903-2018, 2018
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02 Oct 2018
Composition of ice particle residuals in mixed-phase clouds at Jungfraujoch (Switzerland): enrichment and depletion of particle groups relative to total aerosol
Stine Eriksen Hammer, Stephan Mertes, Johannes Schneider, Martin Ebert, Konrad Kandler, and Stephan Weinbruch
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 13987–14003, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13987-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-13987-2018, 2018
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13 Mar 2018
Model simulations with COSMO-SPECS: impact of heterogeneous freezing modes and ice nucleating particle types on ice formation and precipitation in a deep convective cloud
Karoline Diehl and Verena Grützun
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 3619–3639, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3619-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3619-2018, 2018
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12 Mar 2018
Ice-nucleating particle concentrations unaffected by urban air pollution in Beijing, China
Jie Chen, Zhijun Wu, Stefanie Augustin-Bauditz, Sarah Grawe, Markus Hartmann, Xiangyu Pei, Zirui Liu, Dongsheng Ji, and Heike Wex
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 18, 3523–3539, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3523-2018,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3523-2018, 2018
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27 Nov 2017
Partitioning the primary ice formation modes in large eddy simulations of mixed-phase clouds
Luke B. Hande and Corinna Hoose
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 14105–14118, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14105-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14105-2017, 2017
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29 Sep 2017
Leipzig Ice Nucleation chamber Comparison (LINC): intercomparison of four online ice nucleation counters
Monika Burkert-Kohn, Heike Wex, André Welti, Susan Hartmann, Sarah Grawe, Lisa Hellner, Paul Herenz, James D. Atkinson, Frank Stratmann, and Zamin A. Kanji
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 11683–11705, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11683-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11683-2017, 2017
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12 Apr 2017
Ice nucleating particles over the Eastern Mediterranean measured by unmanned aircraft systems
Jann Schrod, Daniel Weber, Jaqueline Drücke, Christos Keleshis, Michael Pikridas, Martin Ebert, Bojan Cvetković, Slobodan Nickovic, Eleni Marinou, Holger Baars, Albert Ansmann, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Jean Sciare, Joachim Curtius, and Heinz G. Bingemer
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 4817–4835, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4817-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-4817-2017, 2017
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12 Jan 2017
Online single particle analysis of ice particle residuals from mountain-top mixed-phase clouds using laboratory derived particle type assignment
Susan Schmidt, Johannes Schneider, Thomas Klimach, Stephan Mertes, Ludwig Paul Schenk, Piotr Kupiszewski, Joachim Curtius, and Stephan Borrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 575–594, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-575-2017,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-575-2017, 2017
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10 Nov 2016
The immersion freezing behavior of ash particles from wood and brown coal burning
Sarah Grawe, Stefanie Augustin-Bauditz, Susan Hartmann, Lisa Hellner, Jan B. C. Pettersson, Andrea Prager, Frank Stratmann, and Heike Wex
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 13911–13928, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13911-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-13911-2016, 2016
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15 Sep 2016
A comparative study of K-rich and Na/Ca-rich feldspar ice-nucleating particles in a nanoliter droplet freezing assay
Andreas Peckhaus, Alexei Kiselev, Thibault Hiron, Martin Ebert, and Thomas Leisner
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 11477–11496, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11477-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-11477-2016, 2016
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18 Aug 2016
Development and characterization of an ice-selecting pumped counterflow virtual impactor (IS-PCVI) to study ice crystal residuals
Naruki Hiranuma, Ottmar Möhler, Gourihar Kulkarni, Martin Schnaiter, Steffen Vogt, Paul Vochezer, Emma Järvinen, Robert Wagner, David M. Bell, Jacqueline Wilson, Alla Zelenyuk, and Daniel J. Cziczo
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 3817–3836, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-3817-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-3817-2016, 2016
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04 May 2016
Laboratory-generated mixtures of mineral dust particles with biological substances: characterization of the particle mixing state and immersion freezing behavior
Stefanie Augustin-Bauditz, Heike Wex, Cyrielle Denjean, Susan Hartmann, Johannes Schneider, Susann Schmidt, Martin Ebert, and Frank Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 5531–5543, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5531-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-5531-2016, 2016
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30 Mar 2016
Re-evaluating the Frankfurt isothermal static diffusion chamber for ice nucleation
Jann Schrod, Anja Danielczok, Daniel Weber, Martin Ebert, Erik S. Thomson, and Heinz G. Bingemer
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 9, 1313–1324, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1313-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-1313-2016, 2016
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23 Feb 2016
Pre-activation of ice-nucleating particles by the pore condensation and freezing mechanism
Robert Wagner, Alexei Kiselev, Ottmar Möhler, Harald Saathoff, and Isabelle Steinke
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 2025–2042, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2025-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2025-2016, 2016
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18 Nov 2015
New particle-dependent parameterizations of heterogeneous freezing processes: sensitivity studies of convective clouds with an air parcel model
K. Diehl and S. K. Mitra
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 12741–12763, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-12741-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-12741-2015, 2015
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22 Apr 2015
Single-particle characterization of ice-nucleating particles and ice particle residuals sampled by three different techniques
A. Worringen, K. Kandler, N. Benker, T. Dirsch, S. Mertes, L. Schenk, U. Kästner, F. Frank, B. Nillius, U. Bundke, D. Rose, J. Curtius, P. Kupiszewski, E. Weingartner, P. Vochezer, J. Schneider, S. Schmidt, S. Weinbruch, and M. Ebert
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4161–4178, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4161-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4161-2015, 2015
21 Apr 2015
Ice nucleation by water-soluble macromolecules
B. G. Pummer, C. Budke, S. Augustin-Bauditz, D. Niedermeier, L. Felgitsch, C. J. Kampf, R. G. Huber, K. R. Liedl, T. Loerting, T. Moschen, M. Schauperl, M. Tollinger, C. E. Morris, H. Wex, H. Grothe, U. Pöschl, T. Koop, and J. Fröhlich-Nowoisky
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 4077–4091, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4077-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-4077-2015, 2015
06 Mar 2015
A comprehensive laboratory study on the immersion freezing behavior of illite NX particles: a comparison of 17 ice nucleation measurement techniques
N. Hiranuma, S. Augustin-Bauditz, H. Bingemer, C. Budke, J. Curtius, A. Danielczok, K. Diehl, K. Dreischmeier, M. Ebert, F. Frank, N. Hoffmann, K. Kandler, A. Kiselev, T. Koop, T. Leisner, O. Möhler, B. Nillius, A. Peckhaus, D. Rose, S. Weinbruch, H. Wex, Y. Boose, P. J. DeMott, J. D. Hader, T. C. J. Hill, Z. A. Kanji, G. Kulkarni, E. J. T. Levin, C. S. McCluskey, M. Murakami, B. J. Murray, D. Niedermeier, M. D. Petters, D. O'Sullivan, A. Saito, G. P. Schill, T. Tajiri, M. A. Tolbert, A. Welti, T. F. Whale, T. P. Wright, and K. Yamashita
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2489–2518, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2489-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2489-2015, 2015
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10 Feb 2015
BINARY: an optical freezing array for assessing temperature and time dependence of heterogeneous ice nucleation
C. Budke and T. Koop
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 689–703, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-689-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-689-2015, 2015
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10 Feb 2015
Intercomparing different devices for the investigation of ice nucleating particles using Snomax® as test substance
H. Wex, S. Augustin-Bauditz, Y. Boose, C. Budke, J. Curtius, K. Diehl, A. Dreyer, F. Frank, S. Hartmann, N. Hiranuma, E. Jantsch, Z. A. Kanji, A. Kiselev, T. Koop, O. Möhler, D. Niedermeier, B. Nillius, M. Rösch, D. Rose, C. Schmidt, I. Steinke, and F. Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 1463–1485, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1463-2015,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-1463-2015, 2015
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10 Dec 2014
A comprehensive parameterization of heterogeneous ice nucleation of dust surrogate: laboratory study with hematite particles and its application to atmospheric models
N. Hiranuma, M. Paukert, I. Steinke, K. Zhang, G. Kulkarni, C. Hoose, M. Schnaiter, H. Saathoff, and O. Möhler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 13145–13158, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13145-2014,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13145-2014, 2014
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25 Nov 2014
Particle surface area dependence of mineral dust in immersion freezing mode: investigations with freely suspended drops in an acoustic levitator and a vertical wind tunnel
K. Diehl, M. Debertshäuser, O. Eppers, H. Schmithüsen, S. K. Mitra, and S. Borrmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 12343–12355, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12343-2014,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-12343-2014, 2014
04 Jun 2014
Kaolinite particles as ice nuclei: learning from the use of different kaolinite samples and different coatings
H. Wex, P. J. DeMott, Y. Tobo, S. Hartmann, M. Rösch, T. Clauss, L. Tomsche, D. Niedermeier, and F. Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 5529–5546, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5529-2014,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-5529-2014, 2014
05 Mar 2014
Influence of surface morphology on the immersion mode ice nucleation efficiency of hematite particles
N. Hiranuma, N. Hoffmann, A. Kiselev, A. Dreyer, K. Zhang, G. Kulkarni, T. Koop, and O. Möhler
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 2315–2324, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2315-2014,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-2315-2014, 2014
11 Nov 2013
Immersion freezing of birch pollen washing water
S. Augustin, H. Wex, D. Niedermeier, B. Pummer, H. Grothe, S. Hartmann, L. Tomsche, T. Clauss, J. Voigtländer, K. Ignatius, and F. Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 10989–11003, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10989-2013,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-10989-2013, 2013
12 Sep 2013
Experimental quantification of contact freezing in an electrodynamic balance
N. Hoffmann, A. Kiselev, D. Rzesanke, D. Duft, and T. Leisner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 6, 2373–2382, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-2373-2013,https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-2373-2013, 2013
14 Jun 2013
Immersion freezing of ice nucleation active protein complexes
S. Hartmann, S. Augustin, T. Clauss, H. Wex, T. Šantl-Temkiv, J. Voigtländer, D. Niedermeier, and F. Stratmann
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 5751–5766, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5751-2013,https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-5751-2013, 2013
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