09 Nov 2020
09 Nov 2020
Robust winter warming over Eurasia under stratospheric sulfate geoengineering – the role of stratospheric dynamics
- 1Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- 2National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- 3Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- 4Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
- 5Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
- 6Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
- 1Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- 2National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
- 3Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- 4Department of Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, NJ, USA
- 5Climate and Global Dynamics Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA
- 6Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
Abstract. It has been suggested that increased stratospheric sulfate aerosol loadings following large, low latitude volcanic eruptions can lead to wintertime warming over Eurasia through dynamical stratosphere-troposphere coupling. We here investigate the proposed connection in the context of hypothetical future stratospheric sulfate geoengineering in the Geoengineering Large Ensemble simulations. In those geoengineering simulations, we find that stratospheric circulation anomalies that resemble the positive phase of the Northern Annular Mode in winter is a distinguishing climate response which is absent when increasing greenhouse gases alone are prescribed. This stratospheric dynamical response projects onto the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, leading to associated side-effects of this climate intervention strategy, such as continental Eurasian warming and precipitation changes. Seasonality is a key signature of the dynamically-driven surface response. We find an opposite response of the North Atlantic Oscillation in summer, when no dynamical role of the stratosphere is expected. The robustness of the wintertime forced response stands in contrast to previously proposed volcanic responses.
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Antara Banerjee et al.
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RC1: 'Review of Banerjee et al.', Anonymous Referee #1, 15 Nov 2020
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RC2: 'Reviewer comment', Anonymous Referee #2, 04 Dec 2020
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AC1: 'Comment on acp-2020-965', Antara Banerjee, 18 Feb 2021
Antara Banerjee et al.
Antara Banerjee et al.
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