ACPD Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions ACPD Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 1680-7375 Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-2018-1025 The intensification of metallic layered phenomena above thunderstorms through the modulation of atmospheric tides Yu Bingkun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-1960 1 2 Xue Xianghui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4541-9900 1 2 3 Kuo Chengling https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0602-6159 4 Lu Gaopeng 5 6 Dou Xiankang 1 2 Gao Qi 1 2 Wu Jianfei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3998-9296 1 2 Jia Mingjiao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4392-4900 1 2 Yu Chao 1 2 Qie Xiushu 5 6 CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment, Department of Geophysics and Planetary Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China Mengcheng National Geophysical Observatory, School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China Institute of Space Science, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China 03 12 2018 2018 1 16 Copyright: © 2018 Bingkun Yu et al. 2018 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This article is available from https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/acp-2018-1025/ The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/acp-2018-1025/acp-2018-1025.pdf

<p>We present a multi-instrument experiment to study the effects of tropospheric thunderstorms on the mesopause region and the lower ionosphere. The sodium (Na) lidar observation and the ionospheric observation by two digital ionospheric sounders are used to study the variation of the neutral metal atoms and metallic ions above thunderstorms. The enhanced ionospheric sporadic <i>E</i> layer with a downward tidal phase is observed followed by a subsequent intensification of neutral Na density with an increase of 600&thinsp;cm<sup>&minus;3</sup> in the mesosphere. In addition, the Na neutral chemistry and ion-molecule chemistry reactions are considered in the Na chemistry model to simulate the dynamical and chemical coupling processes in the mesosphere and ionosphere above thunderstorms. The enhanced Na layer in the simulation using the ionospheric observation as input is in agreement with the Na lidar observation. We find that the intensification of metallic layered phenomena above thunderstorms is associated with the atmospheric tides, as a result of the troposphere-mesosphere-ionosphere coupling.</p>