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<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACPD</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACPD</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7375</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acpd-4-3359-2004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>High ozone at rural sites in India</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Chand</surname>
<given-names>D.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Lal</surname>
<given-names>S.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad, India</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Now at Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>22</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2004</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<issue>3</issue>
<fpage>3359</fpage>
<lpage>3380</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2004 D. Chand</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2004</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
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<self-uri xlink:href="https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/4/3359/2004/acpd-4-3359-2004.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://acp.copernicus.org/preprints/4/3359/2004/acpd-4-3359-2004.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Past observations of O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; at urban, rural and lower free tropospheric
sites in India have shown generally low values rarely exceeding 60 ppbv. We
show that this can not be generated to all over India. Surface ozone
(O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) concentrations are obtained from measurements in rural, urban and
free tropospheric environments in January 2001 and 2002 as a part of Mobile
Lab Experiments (MOLEX) conducted in western India. Elevated O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; from 70
to 110 ppbv (nmole/mole) are recorded during afternoon hours at rural sites
in downwind of major industrial region of Gujarat adjoining the Arabian Sea.
Repeated observations during both the years indicate that this is a regular
process in this region. The average background ozone is found to be 42&amp;plusmn;6 ppbv.
The elevated ozone in the downwind site is about 60% higher than
that in the major urban center and its surroundings and by a factor of 2 higher
than the background levels of O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; in this region. In comparison to the
downwind observations; the ozone observed at the continental stations in
rural (Gadanki), urban (Ahmedabad) and free tropospheric (Mt. Abu) sites in
India are low and rarely exceeded 60 ppbv during the month of January.
Forward trajectory analysis shows that the polluted plumes from this urban
area can get transported more than 3000 km to the marine boundary layer over
the Arabian Sea and the Indian Ocean within a week. Similar transport of
pollutants from major urban sites like Delhi and other cities can enhance
O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; in their downwind rural sites and can affect the human health as
well as vegetation significantly.</p>
</abstract>
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