<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v3.0 20080202//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/nlm-dtd/publishing/3.0/journalpublishing3.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="3.0" xml:lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">ACP</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">ACP</abbrev-journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="nlm-ta">Atmos. Chem. Phys.</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="epub">1680-7324</issn>
<publisher><publisher-name>Copernicus Publications</publisher-name>
<publisher-loc>Göttingen, Germany</publisher-loc>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5194/acp-14-7397-2014</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title>Uptake of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals onto Arizona test dust particles using an aerosol flow tube</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Matthews</surname>
<given-names>P. S. J.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Baeza-Romero</surname>
<given-names>M. T.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6891-4982</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
<sup>2</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Whalley</surname>
<given-names>L. K.</given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author" xlink:type="simple"><name name-style="western"><surname>Heard</surname>
<given-names>D. E.</given-names>
<ext-link>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0357-6238</ext-link>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
<sup>1</sup>
</xref>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
<sup>3</sup>
</xref>
</contrib>
</contrib-group><aff id="aff1">
<label>1</label>
<addr-line>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff2">
<label>2</label>
<addr-line>Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial de Toledo, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, Avenida Carlos III s/n Real Fábrica de Armas, Toledo, 45071, Spain</addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="aff3">
<label>3</label>
<addr-line>National Centre for Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK</addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>18</day>
<month>07</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<issue>14</issue>
<fpage>7397</fpage>
<lpage>7408</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>Copyright: &#x000a9; 2014 P. S. J. Matthews et al.</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2014</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access">
<license-p>This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit <ext-link ext-link-type="uri"  xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</ext-link></license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/14/7397/2014/acp-14-7397-2014.html">This article is available from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/14/7397/2014/acp-14-7397-2014.html</self-uri>
<self-uri xlink:href="https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/14/7397/2014/acp-14-7397-2014.pdf">The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/14/7397/2014/acp-14-7397-2014.pdf</self-uri>
<abstract>
<p>Uptake coefficients for HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals onto Arizona test dust (ATD)
aerosols were measured at room temperature and atmospheric pressure using an
aerosol flow tube and the sensitive fluorescence assay by gas expansion
(FAGE) technique, enabling HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations in the range
3–10 × 10&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; molecule cm&lt;sup&gt;−3&lt;/sup&gt; to be investigated. The uptake
coefficients were measured as 0.031 ± 0.008 and 0.018 ± 0.006
for the lower and higher HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations, respectively, over a range
of relative humidities (5–76%). A time dependence for the HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
uptake onto the ATD aerosols was observed, with larger uptake coefficients
observed at shorter reaction times. The combination of time and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
concentration dependencies suggest either the partial saturation of the dust
surface or that a chemical component of the dust is partially consumed whilst
the aerosols are exposed to HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. A constrained box model is used to show
that HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; uptake to dust surfaces may be an important loss pathway of
HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the atmosphere.</p>
</abstract>
<counts><page-count count="12"/></counts>
</article-meta>
</front>
<body/>
<back>
<ref-list>
<title>References</title>
<ref id="ref1">
<label>1</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Ammann, M. and Pöschl, U.: Kinetic model framework for aerosol and cloud surface chemistry and gas-particle interactions – Part 2: Exemplary practical applications and numerical simulations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 6025–6045, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-6025-2007&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-6025-2007&lt;/a&gt;, 2007.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref2">
<label>2</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Bedjanian, Y., Romanias, M. N., and El Zein, A.: Uptake of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals on Arizona Test Dust, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 13, 6461–6471, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6461-2013&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-13-6461-2013&lt;/a&gt;, 2013.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref3">
<label>3</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Bloss, W. J., Lee, J. D., Johnson, G. P., Sommariva, R., Heard, D. E., Saiz-Lopez, A., Plane, J. M. C., McFiggans, G., Coe, H., Flynn, M., Williams, P., Rickard, A. R., and Fleming, Z. L.: Impact of halogen monoxide chemistry upon boundary layer OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations at a coastal site, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L06814, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GL022084&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL022084&lt;/a&gt;, 2005.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref4">
<label>4</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Brown, R. L.: Tubular Flow Reactors With 1st-Order Kinetics, J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand., 83, 1–8, 1978.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref5">
<label>5</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Brune, W. H., Tan, D., Faloona, I. F., Jaegle, L., Jacob, D. J., Heikes, B. G., Snow, J., Kondo, Y., Shetter, R., Sachse, G. W., Anderson, B., Gregory, G. L., Vay, S., Singh, H. B., Davis, D. D., Crawford, J. H., and Blake, D. R.: OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; chemistry in the North Atlantic free troposphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3077–3080, 1999.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref6">
<label>6</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Cantrell, C. A., Shetter, R. E., Gilpin, T. M., and Calvert, J. G.: Peroxy radicals measured during Mauna Loa observatory photochemistry experiment 2: The data and first analysis, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 14643–14652, 1996.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref7">
<label>7</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Carpenter, L. J., Fleming, Z. L., Read, K. A., Lee, J. D., Moller, S. J., Hopkins, J. R., Purvis, R. M., Lewis, A. C., Müller, K., Heinold, B., Herrmann, H., Fomba, K. W., Pinxteren, D., Müller, C., Tegen, I., Wiedensohler, A., Müller, T., Niedermeier, N., Achterberg, E. P., Patey, M. D., Kozlova, E. A., Heimann, M., Heard, D. E., Plane, J. M. C., Mahajan, A., Oetjen, H., Ingham, T., Stone, D., Whalley, L. K., Evans, M. J., Pilling, M. J., Leigh, R. J., Monks, P. S., Karunaharan, A., Vaughan, S., Arnold, S. R., Tschritter, J., Pöhler, D., Frieß, U., Holla, R., Mendes, L. M., Lopez, H., Faria, B., Manning, A. J., and Wallace, D. W. R.: Seasonal characteristics of tropical marine boundary layer air measured at the Cape Verde Atmospheric Observatory, J. Atmos. Chem., 67, 87–140, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref8">
<label>8</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Carslaw, N., Creasey, D. J., Heard, D. E., Lewis, A. C., McQuaid, J. B., Pilling, M. J., Monks, P. S., Bandy, B. J., and Penkett, S. A.: Modeling OH, HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and RO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals in the marine boundary layer – 1. Model construction and comparison with field measurements, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 104, 30241–30255, 1999.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref9">
<label>9</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Carslaw, N., Creasey, D. J., Heard, D. E., Jacobs, P. J., Lee, J. D., Lewis, A. C., McQuaid, J. B., Pilling, M. J., Bauguitte, S., Penkett, S. A., Monks, P. S., and Salisbury, G.: Eastern Atlantic Spring Experiment 1997 (EASE97) – 2. Comparisons of model concentrations of OH, HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and RO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; with measurements, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 107, ACH 5-1–ACH 5-16, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001568&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JD001568&lt;/a&gt;, 2002.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref10">
<label>10</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Crowley, J. N., Ammann, M., Cox, R. A., Hynes, R. G., Jenkin, M. E., Mellouki, A., Rossi, M. J., Troe, J., and Wallington, T. J.: Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric chemistry: Volume V – heterogeneous reactions on solid substrates, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 9059–9223, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9059-2010&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-9059-2010&lt;/a&gt;, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref11">
<label>11</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Dentener, F. J., Carmichael, G. R., Zhang, Y., Lelieveld, J., and Crutzen, P. J.: Role of mineral aerosol as a reactive surface in the global troposphere, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 101, 22869–22889, 1996.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref12">
<label>12</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Fitzsimmons, J. N., Zhang, R., and Boyle, E. A.: Dissolved iron in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean, Mar. Chem., 154, 87–99, 2013.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref13">
<label>13</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">George, I. J., Matthews, P. S. J., Whalley, L. K., Brooks, B., Goddard, A., Baeza-Romero, M. T., and Heard, D. E.: Measurements of uptake coefficients for heterogeneous loss of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; onto submicron inorganic salt aerosols, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 12829–12845, 2013.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref14">
<label>14</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Haggerstone, A. L., Carpenter, L. J., Carslaw, N., and McFiggans, G.: Improved model predictions of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; with gas to particle mass transfer rates calculated using aerosol number size distributions, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 110, D04304, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005282&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005282&lt;/a&gt;, 2005.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref15">
<label>15</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Hinds, W. C.: Aerosol technology : properties, behavior, and measurement of airborne particles/William C. Hinds, Wiley, New York, Chichester, 1982.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref16">
<label>16</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Jaegle, L., Jacob, D. J., Brune, W. H., Faloona, I., Tan, D., Heikes, B. G., Kondo, Y., Sachse, G. W., Anderson, B., Gregory, G. L., Singh, H. B., Pueschel, R., Ferry, G., Blake, D. R., and Shetter, R. E.: Photochemistry of HO&lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt; in the upper troposphere at northern midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 105, 3877-3892, 2000.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref17">
<label>17</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Kanaya, Y., Sadanaga, Y., Matsumoto, J., Sharma, U. K., Hirokawa, J., Kajii, Y., and Akimoto, H.: Daytime HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations at Oki Island, Japan, in summer 1998: Comparison between measurement and theory, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 105, 24205–24222, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014061&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1029/2001GL014061&lt;/a&gt;, 2000.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref18">
<label>18</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Kanaya, Y., Yokouchi, Y., Matsumoto, J., Nakamura, K., Kato, S., Tanimoto, H., Furutani, H., Toyota, K., and Akimoto, H.: Implications of iodine chemistry for daytime HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; levels at Rishiri Island, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, 1212, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007987&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007987&lt;/a&gt;, 2002.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref19">
<label>19</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Kanaya, Y., Cao, R., Kato, S., Miyakawa, Y., Kajii, Y., Tanimoto, H., Yokouchi, Y., Mochida, M., Kawamura, K., and Akimoto, H.: Chemistry of OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals observed at Rishiri Island, Japan, in September 2003: Missing daytime sink of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and positive nighttime correlations with monoterpenes, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 112, D11308, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007987&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007987&lt;/a&gt;, 2007.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref20">
<label>20</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Karagulian, F., Santschi, C., and Rossi, M. J.: The heterogeneous chemical kinetics of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; on CaCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and other atmospheric mineral dust surrogates, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1373–1388, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1373-2006&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1373-2006&lt;/a&gt;, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref21">
<label>21</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Kumar, R., Barth, M. C., Madronich, S., Naja, M., Carmichael, G. R., Pfister, G. G., Knote, C., Brasseur, G. P., Ojha, N., and Sarangi, T.: Effects of dust aerosols on tropospheric chemistry during a typical pre-monsoon season dust storm in northern India, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., 14, 1113–1158, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-1113-2014&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-1113-2014&lt;/a&gt;, 2014.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref22">
<label>22</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Lee, J. D., McFiggans, G., Allan, J. D., Baker, A. R., Ball, S. M., Benton, A. K., Carpenter, L. J., Commane, R., Finley, B. D., Evans, M., Fuentes, E., Furneaux, K., Goddard, A., Good, N., Hamilton, J. F., Heard, D. E., Herrmann, H., Hollingsworth, A., Hopkins, J. R., Ingham, T., Irwin, M., Jones, C. E., Jones, R. L., Keene, W. C., Lawler, M. J., Lehmann, S., Lewis, A. C., Long, M. S., Mahajan, A., Methven, J., Moller, S. J., Müller, K., Müller, T., Niedermeier, N., O&apos;Doherty, S., Oetjen, H., Plane, J. M. C., Pszenny, A. A. P., Read, K. A., Saiz-Lopez, A., Saltzman, E. S., Sander, R., von Glasow, R., Whalley, L., Wiedensohler, A., and Young, D.: Reactive Halogens in the Marine Boundary Layer (RHaMBLe): the tropical North Atlantic experiments, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 1031–1055, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1031-2010&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1031-2010&lt;/a&gt;, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref23">
<label>23</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Loukhovitskaya, E., Bedjanian, Y., Morozov, I., and Le Bras, G.: Laboratory study of the interaction of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals with the NaCl, NaBr, MgCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; · 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O and sea salt surfaces, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 11, 7896–7905, 2009.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref24">
<label>24</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Mao, J., Jacob, D. J., Evans, M. J., Olson, J. R., Ren, X., Brune, W. H., Clair, J. M. St., Crounse, J. D., Spencer, K. M., Beaver, M. R., Wennberg, P. O., Cubison, M. J., Jimenez, J. L., Fried, A., Weibring, P., Walega, J. G., Hall, S. R., Weinheimer, A. J., Cohen, R. C., Chen, G., Crawford, J. H., McNaughton, C., Clarke, A. D., Jaeglé, L., Fisher, J. A., Yantosca, R. M., Le Sager, P., and Carouge, C.: Chemistry of hydrogen oxide radicals (HO&lt;i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;x&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/i&gt;) in the Arctic troposphere in spring, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 5823–5838, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5823-2010&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-5823-2010&lt;/a&gt;, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref25">
<label>25</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Mozurkewich, M., McMurry, P. H., Gupta, A., and Calvert, J. G.: Mass Accommodation Coefficient For HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Radicals On Aqueous Particles, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 92, 4163–4170, 1987.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref26">
<label>26</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Müller, K., Lehmann, S., van Pinxteren, D., Gnauk, T., Niedermeier, N., Wiedensohler, A., and Herrmann, H.: Particle characterization at the Cape Verde atmospheric observatory during the 2007 RHaMBLe intensive, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2709–2721, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2709-2010&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-2709-2010&lt;/a&gt;, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref27">
<label>27</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Ravishankara, A. R.: Heterogeneous and multiphase chemistry in the troposphere, Science, 276, 1058–1065, 1997.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref28">
<label>28</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Remorov, R. G., Gershenzon, Y. M., Molina, L. T., and Molina, M. J.: Kinetics and mechanism of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; uptake on solid NaCl, J. Phys. Chem. A, 106, 4558–4565, 2002.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref29">
<label>29</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Saunders, S. M., Jenkin, M. E., Derwent, R. G., and Pilling, M. J.: Protocol for the development of the Master Chemical Mechanism, MCM v3 (Part A): tropospheric degradation of non-aromatic volatile organic compounds, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 3, 161–180, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-161-2003&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-161-2003&lt;/a&gt;, 2003.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref30">
<label>30</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Schladitz, A., Mueller, T., Nowak, A., Kandler, K., Lieke, K., Massling, A., and Wiedensohler, A.: In situ aerosol characterization at Cape Verde Part 1: Particle number size distributions, hygroscopic growth and state of mixing of the marine and Saharan dust aerosol, Tellus B, 63, 531–548, 2011.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref31">
<label>31</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Seinfeld, J. H. and Pandis, S. N.: Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change, Wiley, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref32">
<label>32</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Shiraiwa, M., Pöschl, U., and Knopf, D. A.: Multiphase Chemical Kinetics of NO3 Radicals Reacting with Organic Aerosol Components from Biomass Burning, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 6630–6636, 2012.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref33">
<label>33</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Slade, J. H. and Knopf, D. A.: Heterogeneous OH oxidation of biomass burning organic aerosol surrogate compounds: assessment of volatilisation products and the role of OH concentration on the reactive uptake kinetics, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 15, 5898–5915, 2013.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref34">
<label>34</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Smith, S. C., Lee, J. D., Bloss, W. J., Johnson, G. P., Ingham, T., and Heard, D. E.: Concentrations of OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals during NAMBLEX: measurements and steady state analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1435–1453, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1435-2006&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1435-2006&lt;/a&gt;, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref35">
<label>35</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Sommariva, R., Haggerstone, A.-L., Carpenter, L. J., Carslaw, N., Creasey, D. J., Heard, D. E., Lee, J. D., Lewis, A. C., Pilling, M. J., and Zádor, J.: OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; chemistry in clean marine air during SOAPEX-2, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 4, 839–856, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-839-2004&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-4-839-2004&lt;/a&gt;, 2004.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref36">
<label>36</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Sommariva, R., Bloss, W. J., Brough, N., Carslaw, N., Flynn, M., Haggerstone, A.-L., Heard, D. E., Hopkins, J. R., Lee, J. D., Lewis, A. C., McFiggans, G., Monks, P. S., Penkett, S. A., Pilling, M. J., Plane, J. M. C., Read, K. A., Saiz-Lopez, A., Rickard, A. R., and Williams, P. I.: OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; chemistry during NAMBLEX: roles of oxygenates, halogen oxides and heterogeneous uptake, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1135–1153, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1135-2006&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1135-2006&lt;/a&gt;, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref37">
<label>37</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Stevens, P. S., Mather, J. H., and Brune, W. H.: Measurement of tropospheric OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; by Laser Induced Fluorescence at low pressure, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 99, 3543–3557, 1994.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref38">
<label>38</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Stone, D., Whalley, L. K., and Heard, D. E.: Tropospheric OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals: field measurements and model comparisons, Chem. Soc. Rev., 41, 6348–6404, 2012.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref39">
<label>39</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Sweetenham, W. P. and Curtis, A. R.: FACSIMILE/CHEKMAT User&apos;s Manual, Harwell Laboratory, Oxfordshire, Great Britain, 1987.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref40">
<label>40</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Taketani, F. and Kanaya, Y.: Kinetics of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Uptake in Levoglucosan and Polystyrene Latex Particles, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 1, 1701–1704, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref41">
<label>41</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Taketani, F., Kanaya, Y., and Akimoto, H.: Kinetics of heterogeneous reactions of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radical at ambient concentration levels with (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; and NaCl aerosol particles, J. Phys. Chem. A, 112, 2370–2377, 2008.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref42">
<label>42</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Taketani, F., Kanaya, Y., and Akimoto, H.: Kinetic Studies of Heterogeneous Reaction of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; Radical by Dicarboxylic Acid Particles, International J. Chem. Kinet., 45, 560–565, 2013.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref43">
<label>43</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Tang, M. J., Thieser, J., Schuster, G., and Crowley, J. N.: Kinetics and mechanism of the heterogeneous reaction of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; with mineral dust particles, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 14, 8551–8561, 2012.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref44">
<label>44</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Tang, M. J., Schuster, G., and Crowley, J. N.: Heterogeneous reaction of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; with illite and Arizona test dust particles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 14, 245–254, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-245-2014&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-245-2014&lt;/a&gt;, 2014.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref45">
<label>45</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Textor, C., Schulz, M., Guibert, S., Kinne, S., Balkanski, Y., Bauer, S., Berntsen, T., Berglen, T., Boucher, O., Chin, M., Dentener, F., Diehl, T., Easter, R., Feichter, H., Fillmore, D., Ghan, S., Ginoux, P., Gong, S., Grini, A., Hendricks, J., Horowitz, L., Huang, P., Isaksen, I., Iversen, I., Kloster, S., Koch, D., Kirkevåg, A., Kristjansson, J. E., Krol, M., Lauer, A., Lamarque, J. F., Liu, X., Montanaro, V., Myhre, G., Penner, J., Pitari, G., Reddy, S., Seland, Ø., Stier, P., Takemura, T., and Tie, X.: Analysis and quantification of the diversities of aerosol life cycles within AeroCom, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 1777–1813, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1777-2006&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-1777-2006&lt;/a&gt;, 2006.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref46">
<label>46</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Thornton, J. and Abbatt, J. P. D.: Measurements of HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; uptake to aqueous aerosol: Mass accommodation coefficients and net reactive loss, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 110, D08309, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005402&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005402&lt;/a&gt;, 2005.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref47">
<label>47</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Vaughan, S., Ingham, T., Whalley, L. K., Stone, D., Evans, M. J., Read, K. A., Lee, J. D., Moller, S. J., Carpenter, L. J., Lewis, A. C., Fleming, Z. L., and Heard, D. E.: Seasonal observations of OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in the remote tropical marine boundary layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 12, 2149–2172, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2149-2012&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2149-2012&lt;/a&gt;, 2012.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref48">
<label>48</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Wagner, C., Hanisch, F., Holmes, N., de Coninck, H., Schuster, G., and Crowley, J. N.: The interaction of N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt; with mineral dust: aerosol flow tube and Knudsen reactor studies, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 91–109, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-91-2008&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-8-91-2008&lt;/a&gt;, 2008.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="ref49">
<label>49</label><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xlink:type="simple">Whalley, L. K., Furneaux, K. L., Goddard, A., Lee, J. D., Mahajan, A., Oetjen, H., Read, K. A., Kaaden, N., Carpenter, L. J., Lewis, A. C., Plane, J. M. C., Saltzman, E. S., Wiedensohler, A., and Heard, D. E.: The chemistry of OH and HO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; radicals in the boundary layer over the tropical Atlantic Ocean, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 1555–1576, &lt;a href=&quot;http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1555-2010&quot;&gt;https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-1555-2010&lt;/a&gt;, 2010.</mixed-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>