ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP Atmos. Chem. Phys. 1680-7324 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-13-7451-2013 European atmosphere in 2050, a regional air quality and climate perspective under CMIP5 scenarios Colette A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-0098 1 Bessagnet B. 1 Vautard R. 2 Szopa S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8641-1737 2 Rao S. 3 Schucht S. 1 Klimont Z. 3 Menut L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-0812 4 Clain G. 2 6 Meleux F. 1 Curci G. 5 Rouïl L. 1 Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, CEA, CNRS-INSU, UVSQ, Gif-sur-Yvette, France International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Laxenburg, Austria Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/UPMC, Palaiseau, France Università degli Studi dell'Aquila, Italy now at: Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, CNRS/UPMC/UVSQ, Guyancourt, France 02 08 2013 13 15 7451 7471 Copyright: © 2013 A. Colette et al. 2013 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is available from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/13/7451/2013/acp-13-7451-2013.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/13/7451/2013/acp-13-7451-2013.pdf

To quantify changes in air pollution over Europe at the 2050 horizon, we designed a comprehensive modelling system that captures the external factors considered to be most relevant, and that relies on up-to-date and consistent sets of air pollution and climate policy scenarios. Global and regional climate as well as global chemistry simulations are based on the recent representative concentration pathways (RCP) produced for the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) of the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) whereas regional air quality modelling is based on the updated emissions scenarios produced in the framework of the Global Energy Assessment. We explored two diverse scenarios: a reference scenario where climate policies are absent and a mitigation scenario which limits global temperature rise to within 2 °C by the end of this century. <br><br> This first assessment of projected air quality and climate at the regional scale based on CMIP5 (5th Coupled Model Intercomparison Project) climate simulations is in line with the existing literature using CMIP3. The discrepancy between air quality simulations obtained with a climate model or with meteorological reanalyses is pointed out. Sensitivity simulations show that the main factor driving future air quality projections is air pollutant emissions, rather than climate change or intercontinental transport of pollution. Whereas the well documented "climate penalty" that weights upon ozone (increase of ozone pollution with global warming) over Europe is confirmed, other features appear less robust compared to the literature, such as the impact of climate on PM<sub>2.5</sub>. The quantitative disentangling of external factors shows that, while several published studies focused on the climate penalty bearing upon ozone, the contribution of the global ozone burden is somewhat overlooked in the literature.

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