References

ACP

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

ACP

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

1680-7324

Copernicus Publications

Göttingen, Germany

10.5194/acp-13-11819-2013

Evaluating global emission inventories of biogenic bromocarbons

Hossaini

¹ Mantle

¹ Chipperfield

M. P.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6803-4149

¹ Montzka

S. A.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9396-0400

² Hamer

Ziska

³ Quack

³ Krüger

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0636-9488

³ ¹² Tegtmeier

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9206-3161

³ Atlas

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3847-5346

⁴ Sala

⁵ Engel

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0557-3935

⁵ Bönisch

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-0861

⁵ Keber

⁵ Oram

⁶ Mills

⁶ Ordóñez

⁷ Saiz-Lopez

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-1581

⁸ Warwick

⁹ Liang

¹⁰ Feng

¹ Moore

² Miller

B. R.

² Marécal

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1077-909X

Richards

N. A. D.

¹ Dorf

¹¹ Pfeilsticker

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7851-6029

¹¹

Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, USA

GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, USA

Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, Universität Frankfurt/Main, Germany

School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

Met Office, Exeter, UK

Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Group, Institute for Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, CSIC, Madrid, Spain

National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Universities Space Research Association, GESTAR, Columbia, Maryland, USA

Institute for Environmental Physics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

now at: Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

06 12 2013

13 23 11819 11838

2013

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

This article is available from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/13/11819/2013/acp-13-11819-2013.html

The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/13/11819/2013/acp-13-11819-2013.pdf

Emissions of halogenated very short-lived substances (VSLS) are poorly constrained. However, their inclusion in global models is required to simulate a realistic inorganic bromine (Bry) loading in both the troposphere, where bromine chemistry perturbs global oxidising capacity, and in the stratosphere, where it is a major sink for ozone (O3). We have performed simulations using a 3-D chemical transport model (CTM) including three top-down and a single bottom-up derived emission inventory of the major brominated VSLS bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2). We perform the first concerted evaluation of these inventories, comparing both the magnitude and spatial distribution of emissions. For a quantitative evaluation of each inventory, model output is compared with independent long-term observations at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ground-based stations and with aircraft observations made during the NSF (National Science Foundation) HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO) project. For CHBr3, the mean absolute deviation between model and surface observation ranges from 0.22 (38%) to 0.78 (115%) parts per trillion (ppt) in the tropics, depending on emission inventory. For CH2Br2, the range is 0.17 (24%) to 1.25 (167%) ppt. We also use aircraft observations made during the 2011 Stratospheric Ozone: Halogen Impacts in a Varying Atmosphere (SHIVA) campaign, in the tropical western Pacific. Here, the performance of the various inventories also varies significantly, but overall the CTM is able to reproduce observed CHBr3 well in the free troposphere using an inventory based on observed sea-to-air fluxes. Finally, we identify the range of uncertainty associated with these VSLS emission inventories on stratospheric bromine loading due to VSLS (BryVSLS). Our simulations show BryVSLS ranges from ~4.0 to 8.0 ppt depending on the inventory. We report an optimised estimate at the lower end of this range (~4 ppt) based on combining the CHBr3 and CH2Br2 inventories which give best agreement with the compilation of observations in the tropics.

European Commission

SHIVA - Stratospheric ozone: Halogen Impacts in a Varying Atmosphere (226224)

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