ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP Atmos. Chem. Phys. 1680-7324 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-12-8763-2012 Calibration of column-averaged CH<sub>4</sub> over European TCCON FTS sites with airborne in-situ measurements Geibel M. C. 1 6 Messerschmidt J. 2 Gerbig C. 1 Blumenstock T. 3 Chen H. 1 7 Hase F. 3 Kolle O. 1 Lavrič J. V. 1 Notholt J. 2 Palm M. 2 Rettinger M. 4 Schmidt M. 5 Sussmann R. 4 Warneke T. 2 Feist D. G. 1 Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Jena, Germany Institute of Environmental Physics (IUP), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany IMK-ASF, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany IMK-IFU, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et l'Environnement (LSCE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France now at: Department for Applied Environmental Research (ITM), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden now at: NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA 28 09 2012 12 18 8763 8775 Copyright: © 2012 M. C. Geibel et al. 2012 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is available from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/12/8763/2012/acp-12-8763-2012.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/12/8763/2012/acp-12-8763-2012.pdf

In September/October 2009, six European ground-based Fourier Transform Spectrometers (FTS) of the Total Carbon Column Observation Network (TCCON) were calibrated for the first time using aircraft measurements. The campaign was part of the Infrastructure for Measurement of the European Carbon Cycle (IMECC) project. <br><br> During this campaign, altitude profiles of several trace gases and meteorological parameters were taken close to the FTS sites (typically within 1–2 km distance for flight altitudes below 5000 m). Profiles of CO<sub>2</sub>, CH<sub>4</sub>, CO and H<sub>2</sub>O were measured continuously. N<sub>2</sub>O, H<sub>2</sub>, and SF<sub>6</sub> were later derived from flask measurements. The aircraft data had a vertical coverage ranging from approximately 300 to 13 000 m, corresponding to ~80% of the total atmospheric column seen by the FTS. <br><br> This study summarizes the calibration results for CH<sub>4</sub>. The resulting calibration factor of 0.978 ± 0.002 (±1 σ) from the IMECC campaign agreed very well with the results that Wunch et al. (2010) had derived for TCCON instruments in North America, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan using similar methods. By combining our results with the data of Wunch et al. (2010), the uncertainty of the calibration factor could be reduced by a factor of three (compared to using only IMECC or only Wunch et al. (2010) data). <br><br> A careful analysis of the calibration method used by Wunch et al. (2010) revealed that the incomplete vertical coverage of the aircraft profiles can lead to a bias in the calibration factor. This bias can be compensated with a new iterative approach that we developed. Using this improved method, we derived a significantly lower calibration factor of 0.974 ± 0.002 (±1 σ). This corresponds to a correction of all TCCON CH<sub>4</sub> measurements by roughly −7 ppb.

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