ACP Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ACP Atmos. Chem. Phys. 1680-7324 Copernicus Publications Göttingen, Germany 10.5194/acp-11-4039-2011 Emission factors for open and domestic biomass burning for use in atmospheric models Akagi S. K. 1 Yokelson R. J. 1 Wiedinmyer C. 2 Alvarado M. J. 3 Reid J. S. 4 Karl T. 2 Crounse J. D. 5 Wennberg P. O. 6 University of Montana, Department of Chemistry, Missoula, MT, USA National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA Atmospheric and Environmental Research (AER), Inc., Lexington, MA, USA Naval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA, USA Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA Divisions of Engineering and Applied Science and Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA 03 05 2011 11 9 4039 4072 Copyright: © 2011 S. K. Akagi et al. 2011 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is available from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/11/4039/2011/acp-11-4039-2011.html The full text article is available as a PDF file from https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/11/4039/2011/acp-11-4039-2011.pdf

Biomass burning (BB) is the second largest source of trace gases and the largest source of primary fine carbonaceous particles in the global troposphere. Many recent BB studies have provided new emission factor (EF) measurements. This is especially true for non-methane organic compounds (NMOC), which influence secondary organic aerosol (SOA) and ozone formation. New EF should improve regional to global BB emissions estimates and therefore, the input for atmospheric models. In this work we present an up-to-date, comprehensive tabulation of EF for known pyrogenic species based on measurements made in smoke that has cooled to ambient temperature, but not yet undergone significant photochemical processing. All EFs are converted to one standard form (g compound emitted per kg dry biomass burned) using the carbon mass balance method and they are categorized into 14 fuel or vegetation types. Biomass burning terminology is defined to promote consistency. We compile a large number of measurements of biomass consumption per unit area for important fire types and summarize several recent estimates of global biomass consumption by the major types of biomass burning. Post emission processes are discussed to provide a context for the emission factor concept within overall atmospheric chemistry and also highlight the potential for rapid changes relative to the scale of some models or remote sensing products. Recent work shows that individual biomass fires emit significantly more gas-phase NMOC than previously thought and that including additional NMOC can improve photochemical model performance. A detailed global estimate suggests that BB emits at least 400 Tg yr<sup>−1</sup> of gas-phase NMOC, which is almost 3 times larger than most previous estimates. Selected recent results (e.g. measurements of HONO and the BB tracers HCN and CH<sub>3</sub>CN) are highlighted and key areas requiring future research are briefly discussed.

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